506 MR. H. W. BATES ON THE LEPIDOPTERA 



the connecting links have not all been found, they may be called species : the word 

 is of little importance. The habits of all are the same. When I had collected only two 

 or three of the most distinct, I considered them separate species ; but intermediate forms 

 successively occurred, every capture tending to link the whole more closely together. 

 The explanation that the whole arc the result of hybridization from a few origmally 

 distinct species cannot at all apply in this case, liecause tlie distinct forms whose inter- 

 crossing would be required to produce the hybrids are contined to districts situated many 

 hundred miles apart. 



None of these LcptaUdcs have been found in any other district or country than those 

 inhabited by the Ithomtic which they counterfeit. A species very closely allied to L. 

 Lysinoi', var. sirgochloe (PL LVI. fig. 6), has been received from Mexico {L. Anthevlze) ; 

 but an Ithomia, of nearly the same colours (J. Nero) also inhabits Mexico. Many other 

 species oi Leptalis, of much larger size than the one here discussed, also immic IleliconklcB, 

 the objects of unitation not being ItJiom'uc, but other genera of the family. Two of these 

 are figured on PL LVI. L. Orisc (PL LVI. fig. 8) is a remarkably exact counterfeit of 

 Methona Ps'kJ'u (fig. 8 c/), the resemljlance being carried to minutite, such as the colour 

 of the antenufc and the spotting of the abdomen. L. Aiiipliio)ie, var. E(j(iena (PL LVI. 

 fig. 7), is very curious, as being a satellite oi Jlccl/aiufis Polijmnla, var. Egacitsls (fig. 7 (t), 

 l)oth peculiar to the district of Ega, — the typical L. ^Imphioiic being found at Surinam, in 

 com2)any with the typical 31. Foli/iiniia, which it resembles — local varieties or sister 

 species of Leptalis Amp)hione accompanying local varieties of ILcchuititis Polymnia in 

 other parts of tropical America. 



Several species oi Dioptis, a genus of Moths, and Ilhonieis, a genus of Enjcinkhe, also 

 ac(;onipany these species or distinct local forms of Itlioinia. A few of the Moths are 

 figured on PL LV. tigs. 10, 11, 12, 13. The imitations may not a2)pear very exact from 

 the figures ; l)ut when the insects are seen on the mng in tlieir native woods, they de- 

 ceive the most experienced eye. 



A similar series of mimetic analogies occurs in the Old World, between the Asiatic 

 and African Dana idee, or representatives of the Uel/conulce, and species of other families 

 of Butterflies and jMotlis. No instance is known in these families of a tropical S])ecies of 

 one hemis])here counterfeiting a fcnin belonging to the otlier. A most remarkable case 

 of niimicry has been recorded by Mr. Trimen* in a Eajtilio of Soutliern Africa, JP. Cenea, 

 whose male wears to deception tlie livery of one S2)ecies of Danals, namely, I). Eeherla, 

 wliilst ilie female resembles a quite dilfei'ent one, J). ChrijsippHS, — both African. IVIimetic 

 analogies, however, are not confined to llie Lepidoptera ; most cn-ders of insects supply 

 them ; liut they are displayed only by certain iamilies. ]\I;uiy instances are known 

 whci-e ])arasitic Bees and two-winged Flies mimic in dress various industrious or nest- 

 ])uihling Bees, at whose ex])ense they live in the manner of the Cuckoo. I finmd on the 

 banks ol" the Amazons many of these Cuckoo Bees and Plies, which all wore the livery of 

 working ]5rcs jjceuliar to tlic country. 



Tln^ instances of this kind of analogy most familiar to l]uro])ean entomologists are those 

 of the European species of Trocliilini)i (a genus of Moths), which strangely mimic various 



* ' lUiopaluccra Ai'ric;i; Austl■illi^,' ji. -\. Cajit' Town. 



