:}8 \varhli-;r songs. 



The remaining- four species may be regarded as forming a 

 transition to the Chipping Sparrow Group, the transition 

 being most marked in the last species to l^e described under 

 this heading. Yet it must be borne in mind that these species 

 in no small sense belong to this group, all of them, rather 

 than to the other one. * 



Canadian Warbler. IJ'ilso/iia i-amu/fnsis. (iSd 



Without being very marked, there is a certain similarity to 

 Yellow Warbler. The pitch is higher, lending a shrill effect, 

 the song averages shorter, or if longer there is a distinct swell 

 or small run, before the end instead of at the end. - - — 

 - - might serve to represent it. Or — — The 

 syllables I have written are in in tszce tit tii^ the long syllable 

 being higher pitched. Retaining this general character, the 

 song may be lengthened or shortened. Mr. Thompson's riip- 

 it-chee, riip-it-cJice, nip-it-chit-it-lit must be a variation of ren- 

 dering which I have never heard. The style of utterance 

 suggests bo^h the Yellow Warbler and Goldfinch. 



The birds keep well to the trees, but are common on the 

 college campus as well as in the woods. They seem to rather 

 prefer the smaller growths. 



Singing during its .stay in spring, but silent in fall. 



Eastern North America, west to the Plains and north to 

 Newfoundland and Lake Winnipeg. 



Orange-crowned Warbler. Hclminihophila celata. ()4(1 



The song is full and strong, not very high pitched, and 

 ends abruptly on a rising .scale. My note book renders it chee 

 chee chee chw' chw\ The fir.st three syllables rapidl}^ uttered, 

 the last two more slowly. One heard late in the season sang 

 more nearly like Mr. Thompson's description : c/iip-e, chip-e, 

 chip-e, chip-e, chip-e^ but with the first vowel changed to c, 

 thus eliminating what would appear to be a marked similaait}" 

 to the song of Chippy. Even in this song the ending is 

 retained. 



The Orange-crown sings while migrating northward, but I 

 find no evidence of any song during the southward movement. 



One must look for this bird in the bu.shes fringing woods, 



