202 The Wilson Bulletin — No. 81. 



food which have disappeared from New England since the settle- 

 ment of the country, and exhibits the causes that brought about 

 the destruction of these species. Part III analyzes the causes of 

 the decrease of the species of game birds, wild-fowl and shore 

 birds thuL are still extant, and indicates how they may be con- 

 served and how depleted areas may be restocked with certain 

 species." 



There are 86 plates, exclusive of the colored frontispiece of the 

 discussion as food, and the gun makers who wish a market for 

 their wares, but he warns them that at the present rate of de- 

 crease it will be only a short time until there will be none of these 

 birds to furnish sport or food. The conservation of these birds 

 can be realized by the enforcement ol, or better, the observance of 

 laws, state or federal, making closed seasons, especially in spring, 

 closed seasons over a number of years for such species as are now 

 nearly extinct, reservations where the birds may breed unmolested, 

 and the artificial propagation of large numbers. It is a most 

 timely book which has large value the country over, since a great 

 deal of data is given not confined to New England. A great deal 

 of information is here brought togetlier for the first time. l. j. 



The Experimental Method of Testing the Efiiciency of Warning 

 and Cryptic Coloration in Protecting Animals from their Ene- 

 mies. By W. L. McAfee. From the Proceedings of The Academy 

 of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. June. 1912. Issued Septem- 

 tember 6, 1912. 



The thoroughness with which Mr. McAfee goes into the subject 

 before reaching his conclusions may best be shown by transcribing 

 the table of contents of this paper. 



Introduction. Experiments with Invertebrates (chiefly Insects). 

 Experiments with Vertebrates : Fishes ; Amphibia, in Countries 

 other than the United States, In the I'nited States — Toads. Frogs. 

 Salamanders. Reptiles: Experiments in Asia, Experiments in 

 Upland Plover, 82 cuts and 26 figures in the text. There are 622 

 pages including a list of contributions and an excellent index. 



The species mentioned as having become extinct are Great Auk. 

 Labrador Duck, Eskimo Curlew, and Passenger Pigeon. The ex- 

 tirpated s[)ecies given are Trumpeter Swan. Whooping Crane, Sand- 

 hill Crane, and Wild Turkey. These furnish concrete illustrations 

 of what may be expected with many of our game birds unless 

 something is done to check their steady decrease. 



In the third part of the book Mr. Forbush recognizes and dis- 

 cusses at length the legitimate claims of the sportsman, the pot- 

 hunter, and the public who wish to continue to use the birds under 



