Birds in France and Germany 45 



not say whether they were Bam Swallows or the European bird. 



18. Chelidon urbica — Martin. 



Also very common at Azerailles. They are glossy black, with 

 the exception of the rump and underparts, which are white, and 

 build a nest like the Cliff Swallow, under the eaves of buildings. 



19. Carduelis elegans — Goldfinch. 



A large flock was seen three times during February in the 

 mountains in Germany. 



20. CUrysomitris spinus — Siskin. 



One pair in Germany on February 19, 1919, is my only record. 



21. Passer domesticus — House Sparrow. 



Can one go anywhere without finding these birds? 



22. Fringilla ccelebs — Chaffinch. 



Easily the most common bird in France and Germany. I col- 

 lected a nest and five eggs April 25, 1918, at Gelecourt, France, 

 which is now in the collection of Henry K. Coale. 



23. Emberiza citrinella — Yellow Hammer. 



Next to the Chaffinch, the most common bird seen; often found 

 in company with them. 



24. Garrulus glandarius — Jay. 



One seen in St. Mihiel sector September 22, 1918, and later 

 found fairly common in the mountains in Germany. At first I 

 was kept busy following strange calls, only to trace them to this 

 bird, which is very shy and hard to get a sight of in the pines. 



25. Pica rustica — Magpie. 



To me this is the most beautiful bird in France; they seemed 

 to be the final touch to every field and hedge. April 1, 1918, I saw 

 a Magpie fiy from its nest about forty feet up in an oak, but as 

 we were on the march could not stop. Another nest, full of young, 

 not more than ten feet up in a large willow bush, was seen April 

 21, 1918, but also being on the road at this time, had no chance to 

 examine it closer. 



26. Corxnis corone — Carrion-Crow. 



Common everywhere. They have a habit of sailing, so that at 

 a distance one often takes them for a hawk. The nest is just like 

 our Crows'. Two nests were found, one March 28, 1918, with one 

 egg, and the other April 15, 1918, with five eggs. This last set was 

 collected, but my " buddies " did not take oology as seriously as I 

 did, (SO the eggs never reached home. 



27. Corvus comix — Hooded Crow. 



Only seen in Germany — first, March 3, 1919, — often in com- 

 pany with the Carrion Crow. 



28. Alauda arvcnsis — Sky Lark. 



Found commonly at all seasons in the fields, and always sing- 

 ing. At Coetquedan I saw one sing for fifteen minutes while the 



