12 LEPIDOPTERA. 



seen, but in cloudy weather permits a close approach, so that 

 one can see how, with wings widely open and depressed, its 

 colour and markings bear a most accurate resemblance to 

 the double row of last year's withered blossoms still attached 

 to the flower stalks of the heather ; or, in the more richly- 

 marked and coloured specimens, to the feather of a grouse 

 lying upon the sprays. So far as has been observed it does 

 not fly at night, both sexes being equally common and lively 

 in the daytime. 



One of our most abundant insects, frequenting all heaths 

 and usually in such numbers as to be disturbed at almost 

 every step. Less abundant but still frequent in woods and 

 fens, or anywhere in which a few plants of heath or ling may 

 be found. Its range seems to extend throughout the United 

 Kingdom except Shetland. Abroad it ranges over the whole 

 of Europe except the extreme North and South; Tartary, and 

 the mountainous regions of Central Asia ; also Maine, New 

 York State, and other parts of the United States of America. 



2. F. piniaria, Z.— Expanse 1^ to \\ inch. Wings of 

 the male creamy-yellow or white in their inner area ; apical 

 half, with costa, nervures and dorsal margin, brown-black. 

 Female fulvous or orange-brown, with a similar margin red- 

 brown. 



Antenna' of the male strongly pectinated with long solid 

 ciliated teeth to the tip, black-broAvn ; palpi extremely small, 

 hairy, black-brown ; head rough, pale ochreous, embellished 

 with black bristles, especially so on both sides of the lower 

 portion of the face ; thorax black, but loosely covered with 

 long raised clouded yellow scales ; abdomen dull black, 

 dusted with ochreous; lateral and anal tufts small. Fore 

 wings much elongated ; costa arched at the base but straight 

 or almost hollowed in the middle and but slightly arched 

 towards the apex, which is decidedly angulated ; hind margin 

 long, very oblique, moderately curved ; dorsal margin straight ; 

 colour pale yellow, yellowish-white, or white; nervures 



