BOARMIDJS—ENNOMOS. 69 



in which the canary colour in some degree shows itself upon 

 the fore wings. 



On the wing in August and September. 



Larva conspicuously twig-like, rather elongated and 

 tolerably even in thickness, but the head and second segment 

 slightly narrower ; on the body are knob-shaped protuber- 

 ances on each side of the third and sixth segments, double 

 ones on the sides of the seventh, a transverse ridge or hump 

 on the back of the third, larger ones on the back of the 

 sixth and ninth, small ones on the eighth and tenth, a double 

 one on the twelfth, and on the thirteenth a pair of points 

 directed backward ; head light brown, with a white crescent 

 on each lobe and a white transverse line above the mouth; 

 body dull brown, purplish-brown or greenish-brown ; the 

 humps red-brown ; legs and prolegs similar ; undersurface 

 pale greenish-brown. Altogether it has as accurate a resem- 

 blance to an oak-twig, as could well be furnished. When 

 very young it is smooth and almost devoid of excrescences. 



May to July on oak, and sometimes on beech, birch, and 

 lime ; feeding at night ; remaining during the day upon the 

 twigs, either stretched out, or arched by the contact of both 

 legs and prolegs with the twig, holding on tightly. 



Pupa pale brown, mottled and reticulated with still paler, 

 and exhibiting darker lines at the junctions of the segments, 

 and at the margins of the antenna and wing-cases. (E. 

 Newman.) In a cocoon of an open network of silk among 

 leaves. Mr. Newman says that it is a remarkably active pupa, 

 and that those he had wriggled out of their insecure dwell- 

 ings on being touched. 



The winter is passed in the egg-state. 



The moth sits in oak, or sometimes other trees, or bushes, 

 in the daytime, and has much the appearance, from its pale 

 colour and raised crenulated wings, of a withered yellow 

 leaf ; at dusk it flies, and is at night readily attracted by a 



