BOARMID^—ENNOMOS, 73 



dots on the hump of the twelfth ; other eminences shaded 

 with brown and tipped with ochreous ; undersurface obscurely 

 dotted with brown and tinged with green ; space between the 

 prolegs green. In this form it closely resembles an oak-twig. 

 Or — Unicolorous yellowish-green without humps or projec- 

 tions; head paler green. (C. Fenn.) 



April to July on lime, elm, oak, birch, hawthorn, and 

 occasionally beech ; feeding mainly at night, resting on the 

 twigs by day. When fed in numbers within a gauze bag, 

 on a branch of lime, out of doors, the majority are still of 

 the humped and knotted brown form, but a few smooth and 

 green, like petioles of lime leaves, all being under precisely 

 the same conditions. This I have fully demonstrated in my 

 own garden, but it is somewhat perplexing. 



Pupa somewhat like that of a butterfly ; moderately cylin- 

 drical except that the hinder segments taper off rather 

 rapidly ; limb-covers rather close and compact, neatly sculp- 

 tured in cross incised lines, and the head-cover rather pro- 

 minent; wing-cases covered with a superficial arrangement 

 of horny substance in which the sculpture of abundant 

 incised irregular lines is embedded ; dorsal and abdominal 

 segments covered, except the posterior margin of each, with 

 abundant minute pitting, among which are numerous brown 

 dots ; anal segment produced into a long conical cremaster, 

 which is tipped by two short strong hooked spines and 

 several strong curved bristles; greenish-grey or greenish- 

 brown or green, or sometimes the wing-covers are yellow- 

 brown and the body green ; cremaster but little darker. In 

 a slight silken cocoon among leaves. 



The moth sits during the day with wings half raised, in a 

 tree or bush, on the lower portion of the trunk of a tree, or 

 on one of the small twigs springing from its side, and in all 

 these positions looks like a yellow leaf — so much so, indeed, 

 that it is quite startling suddenly to recognise the moth 

 before one's eyes. At night it flies swiftly, but comes 



