BOARMID.E—ABRA XA S. 259 



Huddersfield, and specimens exist, all alike, in many of the 

 larger collections. Another phase of variation, originating 

 in Lancashire, and reared rather freely, has the round 

 black spots of the margins of all the wings extended back 

 between the nervures so as to form rows of handsome 

 elongated black blotches ; while a thii'd shows a great exten- 

 sion over the wings of the orange colour of the stripes, or its 

 intensifying so that a scorched or flame-coloured or purplish- 

 brown tinge is given to all the wings. Some of these, 

 reared by the late Mr. C. S. Gregson — who made a ])ractice 

 of rearing some thousands yearly in his garden at Liverpool, 

 for the sake of varieties — are in the collection of Mr. 

 Sydney Webb ; also one in which there are broad bands 

 of rich creamy yellow on the fore wings ; and others in 

 which, the basal portions of the wings being normal, their 

 outer two-thirds are smoothly and uniformly black ; or 

 the wing from the base lieing so, the hind-marginal area 

 alone is normal, or all the spots are connected by black 

 nervures ; also one which has a black spot at the base and 

 another forming the discal spot, but is otherwise pure white 

 except two clear and sharp rows of small black spots towards 

 the margins ; and one which is wholly creamy white, the 

 creamy colouring being faintly deepened in the form of the 

 usual spots. In Aberdeenshire a somewhat local form seems 

 to have become permanent — creamy white with one large 

 black central spot, and the spots of the outer area normal — 

 and at Old Aberdeen Professor Traill has reared specimens 

 of unusual and extreme blackness from larvae fed upon Hibes 

 alpinum, although the normal form only occurs with him on 

 the ordinary species of liihcs. Others from the same district, 

 in Mr. P. Bright's collection, are nearly black, but with 

 intermediate spots of rich orange yellow. Even the London 

 District seems to show a definite tendency in the very rare 

 instances in which it furnishes an aberration among its 

 multitudes of ordinary examples ; one reared in Peckham 

 by Mr. Percy Richards has the ground colour wholly dusky 



