JO ON I i LING S CONCLUSIONS. 



we have liem-e-na and lim-ete (abscess), lie-ta and ne-na 

 (sharp), like a knife: thus. " atta " may be a mere noun- 

 suffix, though even then it might indicate a state of com- 

 pletion. 



This leaves *' tro " to account for. Dr. Noetling con- 

 jectures it to mean rock or stone. 



i agree with this, but would go further back — viz.. 

 to "hard." as we have "tera-na," " teri-na " for bone, 

 " tra-mu-ta " a pebble, rolled quartz, where " urn " is 

 perhaps round, as in " ma-bea," to turn round (with 

 verbal suffix " bea "). " Teru-na," a cutting flint, and 

 " tro-na," flint, seem to be forms of the same word. 

 Thus " trow-atta " would mean a hard thing finished (by 

 chipping). 



In " mora trona " (black flint) we have " mora," not 

 black, but heavy ; thus, the heavy, hard thing. 



" Mungara " presents some difficulties. It might be 

 a compound of " muna " and " ga-ra." Now, " muna " 

 means wood, fog, therefore, perhaps, dense, solid, and 

 is very near to " mura " (heavy). " Ga-ra " may have 

 affinity with the second part of " ponin gale " (freestone), 

 " noan vale" (mudstone), where "ponin" may be con- 

 nected with " pona," white (cloud), while we find 

 " noan " to be the western equivalent of " loina " (stone), 

 or, rather, sharp instrument. " Gale " or " yale " may be 

 connected with " ya-na " (teeth), the natural knives. 



We mentioned the cognates " lie-ta " and " ne-na " 

 as meaning " sharp cutting." The significant part is " li " 

 or " ne." This we find again in the following words for 

 "stone," mentioned by Dr. Noetling: — " Loi-ne," 

 " le-nni," " na-nni," " noan gale," and we may 

 strengthen the conjecture of the identity of " li " and 

 " ni " by some analogous cases. We find the following 

 words for " woman " — " Iowa," " loa-le," " noa-lia," 

 "nowa-lia;" for "bird," " lae-re-ne," " nia-rana," " nie- 

 ri-na ;" for " swift," " lung-a-na," " mung-a-na " (to fly 

 like a bird) ; " lang-a-na," " lag-a-na," " dog-na (foot) ; 

 " nung-a-na " (boat), for "running thing;" " lug-a-na '* 

 (river water) ; " nug-e-tena (rain, with double suffix to 

 indicate multitude of drops) ; " nug-a-ra " (drink). 



