178 Portuguese East Africa. [v^r'kxxi 



permanent streams. Many parts arc fertile, and should be 

 productive in the future when suitable communication is 

 established. The district adjoining the railway line is 

 developing rapidly as a maize-producer. 



A certain amount of gold-mining has l^ecn carried on for 

 some years in the Manico district, near Rhodesia. The most 

 productive mining undertaking at present is a gold-dredging 

 proposition in the Revue Valley. 



Game is plentiful and of great variety in some districts, 

 especially on the Gorongoza Plains, where countless mobs of 

 animals can be seen. These are the favourite hunting-ground 

 of numerous lions. 



The journeys of the Survey each season amounted to 

 distances varying from 1,500 to 2,000 miles, and, as the scenery 

 is diversified and often grand and rugged along the frontier, 

 a fine collection of views had been obtained. For the present 

 lecture these were selected and arranged systematically into 

 instructive groups as follows : — 



1. Scenes and incidents of travel and camp life. 



2. Vegetation. 



3. Physiographic studies. 



4. Studies of native life and customs. 



With regard to the physiograj^hic section, the region i)rovides 

 some interesting and striking illustrations of the intimate 

 relation of scenery and surface features generally to geological 

 structures and processes. It is a region of diversified features, 

 ranging from extensive lowland plains to mountainous blocks 

 rising to more than 6,000 feet above sea-level. It lies in an 

 interesting but very imperfectly known portion of the important 

 tectonic zone of Eastern Africa. Its surface features show a 

 marked relation to imi)ortant lines of fracture and dislocation. 

 The most important are those having a north and south trend. 

 They are best developed along the eastern edge of the great 

 plateau of Southern Rhodesia. They coincide closely with 

 the frontier, forming a zone of striking scarps and fault-blocks. 

 Faulting, parallel to this line, but further east, has resulted in 

 the dislocation of an ancient pene-j^lain forming a large shelf 

 or step from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above sea-level, exhibiting 

 interesting examples of differential movement, residual ridges 

 and blocks, insclberg types of scenery, and general rejuvenation 

 of the river systems. 



The torrential character of the rain in the wet season, fol- 

 lowing a long dry one, renders general eiosional forces very 

 active ; but, jiowerful as they are, it would ai)pcar tliat the 

 major features of the region arc dominated by imjiortant 

 tectonic and structural factors. A more extended description 

 and discussion of these features, by Messrs. Thiele and Wilson, 

 is to be found in the Geographical Journal, January, 1915. 



