MALARIA AND ITS TRANSMISSION 29 



these were permitted to bite healthy students, and in no 

 case was the disease produced. 



Anopheline Species Concerned. — Although no Anoph- 

 eline mosquito should be trusted, there are com- 

 paratively few species that have been proved ex- 

 perimentally to be carriers of malaria. Anopheles 

 maculipennis is for California the most dangerous 

 species, since it is most common in midsummer and late 

 autumn, while Anopheles punctipennis is most numer- 

 ous in the spring. 



Several other genera of exotic Anopheline mosquitoes 

 (India and Africa) include malaria-bearing species, 

 among them Cellia, Nyssorhynchns, Myzorhynchus, and 

 Myzomyia. 



The following key will be found useful in classifying 

 adult Anopheles occurring in California. 



Key to Subfamily Anophelin;e for Species occurring in 

 California. (As suggested by Mitchell.) 



Palpi nearly as long as proboscis in both sexes. Wings dis- 

 tinctly spotted Subfam. Anophelinas. 



I. With usually four, sometimes five or three, black spots on 

 each wing .... Anopheles maculipennis Meigen. 

 II. With more than five black spots on each wing. 



a. Last vein of wing with three black spots. Thorax not 



distinctly marked . Anopheles crucians Wiedemann. 

 aa. Last vein of wing with not more than two black spots. 

 Thorax with distinct, broad, light median stripe. 



b. Scales at base and tip of last vein black, remainder white 



Anopheles punctipennis Say. 



bb. Scales on basal half of last vein white, remainder black 

 Anopheles franciscanus McCracken. 



