Stream mouth identification. — This is a 

 description of some general features visible at the 

 stream mouth. 



Anchorage . — Descriptions are given of 

 temporary anchorages that stream survey vessels 

 have used for short stops. Overnight and storm 

 anchorages are given in the U. S. Coast Pilot. 



Trails and survey routes . — These include 

 descriptions of trails that have been used by ground 

 parties on stream surveys. Where other than the 

 streambed was used, a description of routes is given, 

 including difficult points, identification, outstanding 

 features, and presence of brown bears. Reference to 

 right or left bank is made while facing in the direction 

 of the current. 



Aerial survey notes. — The notes include 

 remarks from various individual observations on the 

 visibility in each stream and the conditions con- 

 sidered necessary for adequate observations. Ap- 

 proaches to valley, starting points, and any known 

 hazards are described from aerial surveyor's notes 

 and the editor's knowledge of the area. 



Intertidal Zone 



Length. — The mileage is calculated 

 from mean high to mean low tide and obtained 

 from aerial photographs measured to the nearest 

 tenth of a mile. Where low-tide locations were not 

 known, the measurement was made from the edge 

 of tidal flats visible in the photographs. 



Average width . — These are estimates in feet, 

 based an observations by various individuals. 



Average depth. — These are estimates in 

 Inches, or in feet in larger systems, based on ob- 

 servations by various individuals. 



Gradient. — Estimates are in degrees from 

 horizontal, based on observations by various indi- 

 viduals. 



Velocity. — Estimates are in feet per second 

 during normal water levels, based on observations by 

 various individuals. 



Bottom. — A description is given of the com- 

 position such as gravel (range from 1/4 inch to over 

 5 inches in diameter, arbitrary division point), mud, 

 silt, organic materials, broken and water-washed 

 rock, boulders, large rocks, bedrock, according to 

 observations by various individuals. 



Low-tide location . — The mean tow -tide 

 point is an approximation and is given only where 



it falls near good identification points, usually 

 found in restricted stream outlets. 



High-tide locations . — Mean high tide 

 generally has been found to correspond to the tree 

 line. Other methods of locating the high tides, 

 such as markers, are described wher present. 



Salmon schooling areas. — The areas are 

 usually found near high tide where pools often occur. 

 The arecs are described with reference to the mean 

 high tidemark. Annual variations in streambeds may 

 alter locations of schooling areas. 



Spawning areas . — Major areas are described 

 with ref erence to the high tidemark. Its location 

 may change with stream conditions. 



General notes. — This includes notes per- 

 tinent to the intertidal stream that are of interest 

 and importance in the description of runs. 



Upstream 



Length accessible. — The length in miles 

 Was measured from aerial photographs along the 

 course of the stream to the known upper limits of 

 salmon migration. Where barriers restrict major 

 species but allow more vigorous species to pass, 

 secondary species limits are given under "Barriers. " 



Gradient. — Slope was estimated in degrees 

 from horizontal, based on observation by various in- 

 dividuals. 



Velocity. --Estimate in feet per second 

 during normal water levels and from observations 

 by various individuals. 



Bottom. — A description is given whether 

 gravel (range from 1/4 inch to over 5 inches in dia- 

 meter, arbitrary division point), mud, silt, organic 

 materials, broken and water-washed rock, boulders, 

 and bedrock are present, from observations by 

 various individuals. 



Marker distance . — Distance is given in 

 miles along stream course to standard termination 

 point for salmon counting. 



Marker identification. — Descriptions of an 

 artificial marker or of identification feature marking 

 termination point for salmon spawning surveys is 

 given. 



Barriers . — Distance and location above 

 high-tide point to known barriers, both passable and 

 impassable, are listed. Descriptions are also given 

 when available. 



