ALDRICH, DAVID V. 



1960. Physiology of the Florida red tide 

 organism. In Galveston Biological Lab- 

 oratory fishery research for the year 

 ending June 30, 1960, p. 40-42. U.S. 

 Fish Wildl. Serv., Giro. 92. 



The red-tide "organism seems unable 

 to tolerate fresh or brackish water and 

 thus probably subsists offshore between 

 red tides." [p. 40.] 



The optimum laboratory temperature 

 range for growth of pure G. breve 

 culture is said to lie between 15° and 

 30° G. ". . . it is apparent that G. breve 

 can tolerate slow temperature varia- 

 tions better than rapid ones. . . ." 

 [p. 40.] 



Parent stocks were grown at 25° C., 

 and parental influence on survival of cul- 

 tures at varying temperatures is ques- 

 tioned. Results of tests to determine 

 parental influence were not conclusive. 



"The culture work of W. B. Wilson 

 demonstrates G. breve to be capable 

 of autotrophic nutrition. . . ." [p. 40.] 



Seventeen carbohydrates were tested 

 and none were "found to support G. breve 

 populations in the absence of light. . . . 

 At this early stage of the work there 

 is no evidence that this organism can 

 derive energy directly from amy source 

 other than light." [p. 41.] 



Varying light intensities showed that 

 light intensity is probably not a growth- 

 limiting factor above the 200 ft. -c. (foot- 

 candle) level. 



The organisms were destroyed under 

 ultraviolet light and showed a preference 

 for blue or green light. 



The organisms also seem to prefer 

 polarized light, and "cell counts to date 

 suggest that polarized light may stimu- 

 late more rapid growth than ordinary 

 light." [p. 42.] 



ALDRICH, DAVID V. 



1961. Culture and nutrition of Gymnodinium 

 breve . In Galveston Biological Labora- 

 tory fishery researchfor the year ending 

 June 30, 1961, p. 58. U.S. Fish Wildl. 

 Serv., Circ. 129. 



". . . We have recently compared the 

 growth of G. breve in water from several 

 rivers in red-tide and non-red-tide 

 areas. A connpletely defined artificial 

 sea water, incapable of supporting 

 growth by itself, was employed as a 

 diluent for the river waters. The Alafia, 

 Hillsborough, Peace, and Caloosa- 

 hatchee Rivers of Florida and the 

 Atchafalaya and Sabine Rivers of Louisi- 

 ana and Texas were tested. Growth oc- 

 curred only with the addition of Hills- 

 borough or Peace River water." 



ALDRICH, DAVID V. 



1962. Photoautotrophy in 

 breve Davis. Science 

 990. 



Gymnodinium 

 137(3534):988- 



Extensive experiments failed to show 

 evidence of heterotrophy. G. breve re- 

 quires light and CO 2 for growth and 

 survival. 



"If Florida west coast rivers do not 

 provide direct energy sources for mul- 

 tiplication of G. breve , the organism's 

 vitamin, trace -metal, and chelator re- 

 quirements assume added ecological 

 significance as factors potentially limit- 

 ing population growth. . . ." [p. 990,] 



ALDRICH, DAVID V., and WILLIAM B. 

 WILSON. 



I960. The effect of salinity on growth of 



Gynnnodinium breve Davis. Biol. Bull. 



(Woods Hole) 1 1 9(l):57-64. 



Bacteria-free cultures were grown 

 in test tubes in an artificial medium. 

 Tubes inoculated with 100 to 200 G. breve 

 cells. Growth estimated by visual ex- 

 amination with microscope. Classified 

 growth into 11 categories. Three top 

 categories were arbitrarily defined as 

 "peak populations." Rough calibration by 

 actual count showed peak population 

 estimates to contain not less tham 750 

 cells per ml. smd usually from 1 to 

 several thousand per ml. Tubes ex- 

 amined at 4, 10, 18, 25, and 35 days. 

 Seldom any growth after 35 days. Five 

 experiments each with 9 salinity levels, 

 and 10 tubes at each level. In first 

 experiment salinity ranged from 6.3 

 to 41.1 p.p.t., in last four experiments 

 from 22.5 to 46.0 p.p.t. Their sug- 

 gested optimum salinity range for good 

 growth of 27 to 37 p.p.t. agrees well 

 with the computer analysis mentioned 

 in the sumnnary. 



ALLEN, W. E. 



1933. "Red water" in La JoUa Bay in 1933. 

 Science 78 (2010): 12-13. 



Discoloration to "muddy red" or "dirty 

 red" caused by P rorocentrunn 

 micans. 



ALLEN, W. E. 



1935. "Yellow water" in La Jolla Bay in 

 1935. Science 82(2127):325-326. 



Yellow water (apparently harmless) 

 was caused by a small unidentified 

 flagellate, colorless and bearing four 

 flagella. 



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