and the four major rivers from the 

 Brazos to the Nueces River, in the 

 months of May and June, had dunnped 

 10,000,000-acre feet of water into the 

 Gulf." [p. 4.] 



BURSA, ADAM. 



1963. Phytoplankton in coastal waters of the 

 Arctic Ocean at Point Barrow, Alaska. 

 Arctic l6(4):239-262. 



Lists 73 species (one new) in 20 genera 

 of dinoflagellates collected between mid- 

 Jvuie and mid-September of 1954. Maxi- 

 mum temperature in August was 10.2'-* C. 



CABASSO, v., and H. ROUSSEL. 



1942. Essai de explication du phenomene dit 

 "Des eaux rouges" du lac de Tunis. 

 Arch. Inst. Pasteur, Tunis, 31 (3/4):203- 

 211. 



CAHN, A. R. 



1949. Pearl culture in Japan. Natur. Re- 

 sourc. Sect. Supreme Comnnander Allied 

 Powers, Tokyo, Rep. 112, 91 p. 



Describes the destruction of pearl 

 oysters by red tide. 



CAHN, A. R. 



1950. Oyster culture in Japan. Fish Wildl. 

 Serv., Fish. Leafl. 383,80 p. 



"The 'akashio' or red tide is an 

 aquatic phenomenon that occurs at ir- 

 regular intervals and with variable in- 

 tensities and results. It nnay be highly 

 destructive not only to edible oysters but 

 also to the pearl oysters (Cahn, 1949) 

 and to other forms of marine life. In 

 recent years the microorganisms which 

 cause the red tide in Japan have been 

 shown to be various dinoflagellates such 

 as Gonyaulax , Gymnodinium , Peridi- 

 nium , Ceratium , and other forntis of 

 lesser importance, [p. 60,] 



"Red tides occur mostly in the spring 

 and autunan where the ocean current is 

 sluggish, usually during continuously 

 fine, quiet weather. . . . Many red tides 

 do little or no damage to oysters, while 

 others result in a mortality approach- 

 ing or reaching 100 percent. ... Experi- 

 ments using copper sulfate are incon- 

 clusive." [p. 60.] 



CANOVA, ANDREW P. 



1885. Life and adventures in south Florida. 

 South Siin Publ. House, Palatka, Fla. 

 136 p. [Cited from Lackey and Hynes, 

 1955.] 



Canova reportedly mentioned a "green 

 tide" in 1885 that might have been as 

 intense as later outbreaks butless irri- 

 tating to the then small tourist industry. 



CARTER, H. J. 



1858. Note on the red colouring matter of 

 the sea round the shores of the island 

 of Bombay. Ann, Mag, Natur. Hist,, 

 3d ser., l(4):258-262. 



He attributed the discolored water to 

 a form which he named Peridinium 

 sanguineum . 



CHEW, FRANK, 



1953. Results of hydrographic and chemical 

 investigations in the region of the "Red 

 Tide" bloom on the west coast of Florida 

 in November 1952. Bull, Mar, Sci, Gulf 

 Carib. 2(4):6l0-625. 



He reported the "signs of another 

 bloom off Dry Tortugas on January 3, 

 1953, and subsequent airplane observa- 

 tions disclosed suspicious areas, A 

 definite recurrence was detected off 

 Smith Shoal on January 22, 1953. This, 

 too, was of brief duration. . . ." [p. 6IO,] 

 Off Fort Myers red tide occurred in 

 November 1952; 11 hydrographic sta- 

 tions were occupied (actually 12 sta- 

 tions). 



Each of the 12 stations was occupied 

 once during a period of 3 days. The 

 depths were 7 to 13 m. and observations 

 of salinity, temperature, and total phos- 

 phorus were taken at surface, bottom, 

 and middepth. The author attempted by 

 nneans of hydrographic sections to postu- 

 late "river water" and "Gulf water" in 

 the snnall near- shore area involved; 

 however, the few data, the slight dif- 

 ference in salinity, and the use of 

 straight line interpolation of values 

 where there is no consistent pattern, 

 all make the exercise appear tenuous, 



CHEW, FRANK. 



1955a, On the offshore circulation and a 

 convergence mechanism in the red tide 

 region off the west coast of Florida. 

 Trans. Amer. Geophys, Un, 36(6):963- 

 974; also Tech. Rep. 55-5, Fla, State 

 Bd. Conserv., 27 p. 



In this articlethe author discussed a 

 mechanism to concentrate floating par- 

 ticles. He quoted from several obser- 

 vations concerning floating dead fish, 

 and then reached the conclusion that, 

 "The large horizontal dimensions of 

 these patches of dead fish preclude the 

 phenonnenon from being oversized wind- 

 rows or resulting from causes related 

 to the wind [Stommel, 1951].... 



In the next paragraph he stated, "The 

 observed outbreaks of Red Tide at 

 beaches generally show a sequence of 

 south to north movennent. , . ." Recent 



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