"In my estimation the death of fish 

 was caused by the more or less para- 

 sitic alage, which are found in large 

 quantities in water A, but do not occur 

 at all in water B." 



EWING, GIFFORD. 



1950. Slicks, surface films and internal 

 waves. J. Mar. Res. 9(3):l6l- 187. 



Explains the physical basis and bio- 

 logical significance of most slicks. 



FEINSTEIN, ANITA. 



1956. Correlations of various ambient phe- 

 nomena with red tide outbreaks on the 

 Florida west coast. Bull. Mar. Sci. 

 Gulf Carib. 6(3):209-232. 



The author calculated linear correla- 

 tions between red tide outbreaks and 

 rainfall, tropical disturbances, and 

 stream discharge. In table 1 the author 

 listed all years with red-tide outbreaks 

 and ranked their intensity on a scale 

 from to 5 from 1844 to 1954. The 

 data in the table are unavoidably sub- 

 jective. The author, for instance, re- 

 corded a light outbreak in 1949 based 

 on only one report of 3,000 dead fish 

 (cause of death not certain) on Anna 

 Maria Beach. Although 1 887 is not listed 

 in the table, the text mentions 1887 data 

 from Harper (1927). For two of the 

 years (1931 and 1936) the author gave as 

 authority a personal communication (un- 

 identified writer) to a member of the 

 laboratory staff (also iinidentified). This 

 lack of adequate documentation, although 

 not the fault of the author, is unfortu- 

 nate. 



The difficulty in measuring the abun- 

 dance of the red tide organisms by re- 

 ports of fish kills is probably so great 

 that correlations with other phenomena 

 are necessarily hard to detect. 



FEINSTEIN, ANITA, A. RUSSEL CEURVELS, 



ROBERT F. HUTTON, and EDWARD SNOEK, 



1955. Red tide outbreaks off the Florida 



west coast. Univ. Miami, Mar. Lab., 



Rep. 55-15 to Fla. State Bd. Conserv., 



p. 1-44. 



The authors gave a chronological 

 report on red-tide occurrence derived 

 from many sources from 1844 to Janu- 

 ary 1955. Admitting that the data are 

 subjective, the authors attempted to list 

 the intensity of red-tide occurrences in 

 categories of magnitude from 1 to 5 by 

 calendar years. 



In figure 1 they showed the occur- 

 rences by month from December 1953 

 to January 1955 by north to south areas. 



Their conclusion that the outbreaks 

 "seem to move from south to north" 

 does not appear to be justified by the 

 evidence presented. The authors appar- 

 ently recognized this weakness, stating 

 that "Further data are required to give 

 complete support to Z." [p. 1,] 



In figure 3 they presented a histogram 

 of the number of reported occurrences 

 by month from 1878 to 1953, inclusive. 

 The data give an incorrect innpression, 

 because the authors apparently listed 

 the same nnonths as many times as they 

 ran across a report. The difference 

 between their histogram and the tabula- 

 tion we get for the same data for 1878- 

 1954 is as follows: 



Jan. 



Feb . Mar. Apr. May June 



Report 



Our tabulation 



July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 



If each month in which red tide oc- 

 curred is listed only once (our tabula- 

 tion), it is obvious that there is not such 

 a pronounced red-tide season as their 

 report would indicate. Since the num- 

 ber of times the occurrence is recorded 

 may, however, have a rough relation 

 to intensity of the outbreaks, the true 

 picture probably lies somewhere be- 

 tween these two curves. 



Figure 4 and table 1 purport to show 

 the relation of the dates of "apparent 

 initial outbreaks of red tide" to the new 

 nnoon in areas III, IV, and V. This tabu- 

 lation is questionable because: 1) The 

 boundaries of the "areas" are poorly 

 chosen; the northern boundary of their 

 area III bisects the mouth of Tampa 

 Bay and the southern boundary of their 

 Area V bisects Boca Grande Pass. 

 2) The dates on which newspapers took 

 note of an outbreak do not mean that 

 the outbreak started then. 3) The authors 

 accepted some reports as "initial" out- 

 breaks, but ignored other reports (pre- 

 sumably because they were not "initial" 

 outbreaks) without any clue as to how 

 they nnade their decision. 



FINUCANE, JOHN H. 



1958. Occurrence of red tide organisms. 

 In Annual report of the Gulf Fishery 

 Investigations for the year ending June 

 30, 1958. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., 

 p. 68-69. 



". . . Concentrations of the organisnn 

 in fish-killing density have, so far, been 



32 



