flooding waters probably come from 

 the region south of the Pass and cut 

 off the ebbing waters. He stated, 

 ". . . Thus this mechanism indicates 

 how the coastal water patches may be 

 formed in the narrow pass by the flood 

 current completely cutting off each 

 ebbing water movement." [p. 275.] 



The author attempted to show these 

 patches in figure 12 by imaging four 

 successive patches of water in a row 

 of eight G^. breve observations extend- 

 ing altogether about 6 miles down Boca 

 Grande Channel. In the face of the 2- 

 knot currents he showed this conclusion 

 to be unreasonable, as four patches 

 would take four tidal cycles to form. 

 Additionally, the slightly lower counts 

 at his interpatch stations probably are 

 not statistically significant. 



We do not agree with the optimum 

 salinity for G. breve suggested by the 

 points plotted in figure 15. An attempt 

 was made to prove vertical migration 

 in G. breve ; however, the data presented 

 do not afford adequate proof, 



HELA, ILMO, DONALD deSYLVA, and 

 CLARENCE A, CARPENTER. 

 1955. Drift currents in the red tide area 

 of the easternmost region of the Gulf 

 of Mexico. Univ. Miami, Mar. Lab., 

 Rep. to Fla, State Bd. Ccnserv. 55- 

 11. 31 p. 



During 1954 two driftcard operations 

 were carried out off the west coast of 

 Florida. The ultimate goal was to solve 

 the problem of the peculiar nearshore 

 movements of the floating dead fish. 



"It was assumed that under the com- 

 bined influence of the (1) more or less 

 permanent ocean currents and of the 

 (2) highly variable drift currents , pro- 

 duced locally by the winds, the paths 

 of the driftcards would be roughly the 

 same as the paths of the dead fish 

 patches. In this report it is shown 

 that the estimated path of the drift- 

 cards, and therefore the drift of dead 

 fish patches, can for practical pur- 

 poses be determined by means of the 

 wind observations alone. . . ." [p. 1.] 



On July 13, 1954, a total of 1,100 

 cards were dropped, 10 at each mile 

 along four transects, 240° true, up to 

 30 miles offshore, between San Carlos 

 Bay and Longboat Inlet. Another 1,000 

 cards were dropped in 18 passes, from 

 Wiggins Pass north to Palma Sola, On 

 November 17, 1954, 2,200 cards were 

 dropped offshore by plane, in the same 

 general area. 



The authors stated the returns showed 

 the existence of a permanent counter- 

 clockwise current eddy, the northern 



end of which seems to be at the latitude 

 of Tampa Bay. 



HIRASAKA, KYOSUKE. 



1922. On a case of discolored sea-water. 

 Annot. Zool, Jap. 1 0( 1 5): 1 6l - 1 64. 

 [Cited from Martin and Nelson, 1929.] 



According to Martin and Nelson (1929), 

 Hirasaka stated red water caused by 

 Gymnodinium sanguineum did no dam- 

 age, but he cited an earlier outbreak 

 that injured some fish, which he re- 

 ported from Okamura; and also from 

 Kofoid and Swezy (1921). 



HOLLAND E, ANDRE, and MONIQUE 

 ENJUMET. 

 1957. Sur une invasion des eaux du port 

 d'Alger par Chattonella subsalsa 

 (= Hornellia marina sub.) Biecheler. 

 Remarques sur la toxicite de cette 

 Chloromonadine. Bull. Sta. Aquic. 

 Peche Castiglione^n.s,,8(1965):273-280. 



HORNELL, JAMES. 



1917. A new protozoan cause of widespread 

 mortality among marine fishes. Madras 

 Fish. Dep., Bull. ll(2):53-66. 



"Widespread fish mortality is a well 

 known phenomenon on the Malabar and 

 South Kanara coasts; its recurrence 

 yearly along certain stretches of the 

 coast line is regular, though its intensity 

 varies within wide limits. . . . 



". . . all Malabar fishermen whom I 

 have questioned agree in saying that 

 every year after the passing of the rainy 

 season and the subsidence of the south- 

 west monsoon, if there be a continuance 

 of fine weather for a week or ten days, 

 with plenty of sunshine, and a weak 

 coastal current, the water inshore be- 

 comes turbid and discoloured, brownish 

 or reddish in tint; that this water has 

 such poisonous effects upon fish that 

 large numbers become affected and 

 eventually die. . . ." [p. 53.] 



HORNELL, J., and M. R. NAYUDU. 



1923. A contribution to the life history of 

 the Indian sardine. Madras Fish. Dep,, 

 Bull. 17:129-97. [Citedby g.yther, 195 5. 

 Non vidi.] 



Ryther stated the report described 

 red water caused by peridineans occur- 

 ring annually along the Malabar Coast, 

 following the cessation of the southwest 

 monsoon, diatom blooms, and heavy 

 rainfall. Blooms occur during hot, calm 

 weather in bands along the shore or in 

 patches which nnove with the tide. 



41 



