complexing substances to prepare a 

 suitable sea water medium for G. breve , 

 in most instances. Therefore, the oc- 

 currence of natural metal chelators or 

 metal complexing substances may be 

 necessary for red tides to develop." 

 [p. 74.] 



WILSON, WILLIAM B. 



I960. Red tide investigation. In Galveston 

 Biological Laboratory fishery research 

 for the year ending June 30, I960, p. 39. 

 U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Circ. 92. 



Summary of fiscal year progress 

 given in detail in other reports. 



WILSON, WILLIAM B., and ALBERT COLLIER. 

 1955. Prelinninary notes on the culturing of 

 Gymnodiniunn brevis Davis. Science 

 . 121(3142):394-395. 



". . . Titanium and zirconium were 

 added to the mixture, although they are 

 not normally present in measurable 

 amounts in sea water, because these 

 metals were found abundantly in water 

 of G. brevis blooms, [p. 394.] 



"Laboratory cultures of G. brevis 

 have attained homogeneous concentra- 

 tions exceeding 2 million cells per 

 liter. This concentration is far below 

 the highest report; however, the values 

 cannot be compared. Among other rea- 

 sons, G. brevis in cultures concentrate 

 to form masses that we disperse by 

 shaking before making counts. A similar 

 tendency to concentrate, but on a larger 

 scale, may be expected in nature. Counts 

 of a sample from such a concentration 

 would be high. . . ." [p. 395.] 



WILSON, W. B., and S. M. RAY. 



1956. The occurrence of Gymnodinium 

 brevis in the western Gulf of Mexico, 

 Ecology 37(2):388. 



From 1953 to 1955 sea-water samples 

 were collected at Galveston and along 

 the Gulf coast between Galveston and 

 Florida, but no G. brevis were ob- 

 served. 



In September 1955, 12 samples in 

 about 20 square miles from the mouth 

 of the Rio Grande to 10 miles N. of 

 Port Isabel all contained from 50 to 500 

 G. brevis per ml. One sample near 

 Port Isabel in the Laguna Madre con- 

 tained no G. breve . Dead fish were on 

 Gulf beaches from Rio Grande to 17 

 miles N. of Port Isabel. 



C. E. Dawson and Henry Hildebrand 

 checked by air south of the Rio Grande 

 and observed dead fish at several points. 

 One water sample taken 36 miles south 

 of the Rio Grande contained over 22,000 

 per ml. At least 120 miles of the 

 Tamaulipas coast was affected; fish 

 were still dying on September 27, 1955. 



WILSON, W. B., and SAMMY RAY. 



1958. Nutrition of red tide organisms. In 

 Annual report of the Gulf Fishery In- 

 vestigations for the year ending June 

 30. 1958, U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., p. 62- 

 65. 



Discusses the development and gives 

 the formula for an artificial sea water 

 medium for growing bacteria-free cul- 

 tures of G. brevis . 



"G. breve requires phosphorus for 

 growth in this artificial medium, but 

 the absolute amount needed for growth 

 has not been determined because the 

 major salts contain phosphorus as an 

 impurity. Cultures grew well without 

 adding phosphorus until we recrystal- 

 lized the sodium chloride to increase 

 its purity. Increasing the phosphorus 

 additions above the minimum amoiant 

 necessary for growth does not increase 

 the number of organisms. The addition 

 of 0.1 microgram atom of phosphate 

 phosphorus per liter (0.1 l^g.at. P/L) 

 is sufficient to support good growth. 

 Chemical analyses of the medium for 

 total phosphorus with this amount added 

 indicate that it contains between 0.1 

 and 1.0 fig. at. P/L. Therefore, the 

 amount of phosphorus required for 

 maximum growth in this medium is 

 apparently about 1.0 (ig.at. P/L or 

 less. . . ." [p. 64.] 



WOOD, E. J. F. 



1954. Dinoflagellates in the Australian Re- 

 gion. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 

 5{2):171-351. 



Lists and describes each species. 

 Diagrams of species are outline draw- 

 ings. No Gymnodinium listed. He specu- 

 lated on correlation of Gonyaulax digi- 

 tale with the new moon, but the evidence 

 presented is not conclusive. 



WOOD, E. J. F. 



1963. Dinoflagellates in the Australian Re- 

 gion. II. Recent collections. Common- 

 wealth Sci. Ind. Res. Org., Div. Fish. 

 Oceanogr., Tech. Pap. 14, 55 p. 



Describes 16 new species and lists 

 over 190 species found since 1954. 

 Lists 30 species of Gymnodinium . 



75 



