CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction 1 



Method 1 



Calculations 2 



Pressure data 3 



Effects of monthly mean data on calculated results 5 



An effect of coastal topography 8 



Mean yearly cycle of indicated upwelling 8 



Discussion 9 



Acknowledgments 12 



Literature cited 12 



Appendix — Tabulations and plots of coastal upwelling indices 13 



60°N,149°W 14 



60°N,146°W 20 



57°N,137°W 26 



54°N,134°W 32 



51°N,131°W 38 



48°N,125°W 44 



45°N,125°W 50 



42°N,125°W 56 



39°N,125°W 62 



36°N,122°W 66 



33°N,119°W 72 



30°N,119°W 78 



27°N,116°W 84 



24°N,113°W 90 



21°N,107°W 96 



Figures 



1. A conceptual diagram of the coastal upwelling process 3 



2. Data grid 4 



3. (a) Configuration of data points used to form pressure derivatives, (b) Dia- 



gram showing the transformation of the geostrophic wind vector to form 

 anestimateof the wind near the sea surface 5 



4. (a) Long-term mean annual cycle of offshore Ekman transport composited 



from actual wind observations within the 1-degree squares indicated 

 on the coastline drawing to the right. (b| Long-term mean annual cycle 

 of offshore Ekman transport formed from upwelling indices computed 

 from monthly mean atmospheric pressure data at points indicated by dots 

 on the coastline drawing, (c) Values from Figure 4(a) after having been 

 adjusted to the slopes of the regression lines in Table 2. Units are cubic 

 per second per meter of coastline 7 



5. Height of a constant pressure surface 8 



6. Mean monthly values of the computed upwelling indices for the 20-yr period, 



1948 through 1967 (m''' sec" VIGO m) 10 



iii 



