which float horiaor.tally., and the older and more covered with barnacles, 

 amphipcdSj and so forth that +>"•- are, the better o ) 



(c) "Calm ones / tairamono /" ■=■= Schools engaged in this type of behavior 

 are often seen in the Northeastern areao The fish surround some schizopods 

 (like the mysids) and lie on the surface gently moving their tails and 

 eating their prey. The surface of the water where such a school is feeding 

 is quite smooth vrith only small ripples disturbing it„ 



(d) "Bait^bed / sodoko /" — This is the term applied when a school 

 surrounds a school of small sardines., drives them irito a compact mass, 

 and greedily eats them,, 



(e) "Sleepers / toromi / " ■== Tnis term is applied to schools which 

 leisurely swim around a concentrated school of bait in a state of 

 exhilaration as if they were dranko 



(f) "Jumpers / haae 7" •>= Schools in which the fish chase the bait around 

 independently J showing themselves at the surface of the water and keeping 

 no reg'^lar formationc 



(g) "Silver flow / ginnagashi /" =- Schools whiehj perhaps because they 

 have eatsn their fill cr perhaps because they are in a playful moodj, swim 

 slowly turning frequently en their sides and flashing silver^ Such 

 schools will hardly ever take chum=baito This is a condition often seen 

 between Nojima and Kinkazan, 



(h) Resting skipjack <=-> Schools are in this condition around Augusto 

 They swim about and refuse to take chum-=baito 



(i) Ascending skipjack =- These are the northbound schools„ They swim 

 comparatively near the surf ace o 



(j) Desr.^ndi^ .^ skipjack =•= Schools returning southward in September and 

 October, Ti'^y swim deep and fast, 



(k) Rov:.:ig skipjack (^eepsea fish) -■= These are schools which swim out 

 in ths open sea.. The fish in the Northeastern area are almost all of this 

 typeo They are mainly medium=sized fish, and they are fat. They move 

 following water temperattires of 20 - 24.°C„ 



(iy Sedentary skipjack (shoal fish) ■== Schools which stick close to 

 banks (reefs) and islands. They are mostly submerged in the lower 

 levels and hardly show themselves except at certain tides or in the 

 morning and evenings Shcal fish in the South Seas area are either over 1 

 kan / 8o27 lbs„_7 in weight or under 500 momme /"/4ol4. lba„__7o They occur 

 in water temperatures as high as 26 ~ 30*^' C„ Suitable depths on the fish 

 banks are about 150 meterSo The fish are comnaratively iean„ 



(m) ^Tsukkakari fish" — Same a? dekiuc /'adventitious f ish_7o Fish i^ich 

 are submerged heir, v che s-orf acs and which come up a few at a time to take 

 the chumming balto A rather dense school will occasionally come up. 



27 



