boats of about 6='foot beam were employed with crews of 15 men, and the 

 fishing grounds were limited to Suruga Bay, 



(5) Katsuura in Chiba Prefecture 



Until the end of the Meiji Era / 1911_7 Japanese- style sailing vessels 

 of about 8-|-=foot beam and about 4-0 feet in length were used with crews 

 of 16 men„ The fishing season began in the 4.th month of the old calendar j, 

 and the grounds were 5 to 6 miles off shore with Katsuura as the center 

 of the fishery „ 



(6) Hiraiso area in Ibaragi Prefect\ire 



The fishery was started in this region about 100 years agOo Small 

 Japanese- style boats were used and they operated only very close to the 

 coasto At that time many skipjack came in to the coast and the boats used 

 to go out twice a day with very good successo 



(7) Kesennuma area of Miyagi Prefecture 



The fishery in this area got started about the first years of the 

 Meiji Era /around l868^o At first the fishing grounds were 3 to 6 

 miles off the coast and Japanese^style hand-propelled boats were used, 

 sailing vessels gradually coming into use latero The fishing season 

 was the 6th month of the old calendar o 



Section 2 Period of the Fishery in Adjacent Waters 



After the period of coastal fishing the skipjack fishery entered upon 

 the period of fishing in adjacent waterSo This development was chiefly 

 due to changes in the fishing vessels„ With the advance from the era of 

 hand or sail-powered Japanese- style boats to the era of engine=powered 

 vessels, the area of operation surpassed its former limits of 5 to 10 

 miles off shore end was enlarged to an average distance of about 4-0 miles, 

 taking on quits a deepsea character considering the navigational techniques 

 of the timeo Piloting was in its infancy and the boats operated within 

 the limits of the so-called ;^amadake method, that is^ using the tops of 

 the mount&ins for landmarks^ This era of piloting by eye was the era of 

 the fishery in adjacent waterSo 



During the period of the coastal fishery the fishermen occupied a 

 passive position with regard to fishing grounds and fishing seasons, but 

 the advent of the period of fishing in adjacent waters gave them a certain 

 degree of aggressiveness and the ability to select their own fishing ground 

 and seasono Consequently the catch per boat far exceeded that of the 

 preceding period, 



(1) Kagoshima area 



The fishery here cha'ig'rd from a coastal to an offshore fishery about 

 50 years agOo At thi'^ :ime powered vessels made their appearance and 

 boats of from 20 to 30 tons were built, but these motor-sailers continued 



