E. B. Sandeil, p. k^Q. 



d. Aluminum - reference (19), P- 50. 



e. Calcium - flame photcmeter against 

 standards . 



f. Magnesium - reference (19), titan 

 yellow. 



g. Sodium - flame pbotcaneter. 



h. Potassium - flame pbotcraeter. 



i. Lead - Sandeil dithizone method 

 (modified). 



J. Manganese - reference (19), peri- 

 odic method. 



k. Silver - Sandeil, dithizonate 

 method, p. 400. 



Sampling Stations - 

 Their Selection and Location 



Sampling stations were chosen to meet 

 the following requirements: 



a. Boat not required to get repre- 

 sentative samples. 



b. Station far enough below a tribu- 

 tary so that samples would not be 

 overly influenced therefrom. 



c. To sample the Columbia River main 

 stem above and below those sources 

 of water quality change that might 

 affect the fishery, and to sample 

 from slgnif ic€Uit intemediate 

 points . 



d. To sample Important tributaries 

 so that main stem quality changes 

 could more accurately be evaluated. 



e. To obtain water quality data from 

 a river basin where irrigation 

 has been stablized for a consider- 

 able period of time. 



f . To evaluate water quality changes 

 taking place in irrigation water 

 a^ it passes through the canals 

 and over the land. 



g. To obtain quality data above and 



below water impoundments. 



h. To obtain quality data on a 

 river basin prior to dam con- 

 struction. 



Table 3 lists the sampling stations 

 together with their river mile designation. 

 River miles are the distance the station 

 is upstream frcm the mouth of the Columbia 

 River. This infoimation was obtained from 

 reference (l8). For example, station 20 

 near the mouth of the Naches River has a 

 river mile designation of CYS-hk^. This 

 means that the total distance frcm the 

 mouth of the Columbia River (C) to the 

 mouth of the Yakima River (y) and up the 

 YaJcima River to the mouth of the Naches 

 River (N) and the sampling station is M^5 

 miles. Figures 8 and 9 show the sampling 

 station locations. 



Stations 1, 3, 8, U, 12, Ik, 1?, 

 20, 23, and 25 near the mouths of the 

 Cowlitz, Lewis, Willamette, Deschutes, 

 Unatilla, Sneike, Yakima, Naches, Wenatchee 

 and Okanogan Rivers respectively were 

 selected to evaluate what effect tribu- 

 taries would have on Columbia River water 

 quality. Station 2 at Cathlamet and sta- 

 tion 26 at Qr£uid Coxilee Dam were selected 

 as overall reference stations for an 

 assessment of total water quality changes 

 in the Columbia River between the mouth 

 and the upper limit of fish migration. 

 Stations 7, 9, 13, 16, 38, kO, and 2k, at 

 Vancouver, Bonneville Dam, McNary Dam, 

 Pasco, Vantage, Rock Island Dam, and Brew- 

 ster respectively, serve as intermediate 

 check stations on the progression of water 

 quality changes in the Columbia River. 



Stations 3, k, and 5 on the Lewis 

 River give an independent study on the 

 effect two impoundments (Yale and Merwin) 

 have on a stream otherwise unaffected by 

 man-made impoundments or diversions. Sta- 

 tions 11, 12, Ik, 17 near the mouths of 

 the Deschutes, Umatilla, Snake and Yakima 

 Rivers will provide data indicative of 

 irrigation influences on a stream. Sta- 

 tion 8 on the Willamette River will pro- 

 vide data on a stream heavily polluted by 

 industry and domestic sewage. 



Stations 17, 18, 19, 21, and 22 on 

 the Yakima River provide data on the pro- 

 gressive effect irrigation return flow haul 

 on a river beusln highly developed for 



16 



