Pond 6. --In pond 6 removal of the fish 

 was accomplished in the same manner as in 

 ponds 3 and 4 . Operations were started when 

 the goldfish began to surface 15 minutes after 

 application of the poison was started and were 

 continued for 105 minutes. In this period, 

 1,052 goldfish were recovered and transferred 

 to an adjacent pond. Follow-up observations 

 revealed a total of 275 dead fish floating in the 

 poisoned pond and no dead fish in the stocked 

 pond. 



Pond 5 . - -The method of removal was 

 modified in pond 5. Two men using a 25 -foot 

 seine started removal operations 30 minutes 

 after the start of the application of the poison 

 and 15 minutes after the fishes started to sur- 

 face. Operations were halted 30 minutes later. 

 In this period 10 seine hauls produced approx- 

 imately 15,000 golden shiners and steel-colored 

 minnows. Most of the fishes were transferred 

 to an adjacent pond. Later seining operations 

 and observations indicated excellent survival. 

 Approximately 300 of the fishes were trans- 

 ported back to the laboratory and observed for 

 one week. In this period only four fishes were 

 lost. 



Pond 7. --Removal operations were per- 

 formed by four men in pond 7, two with dip nets 

 and waders along the shore and two with dip 

 nets from a boat. The objective was to recover 

 all bass possible and enough green sunfish and 

 black crappie for observations of survival. Re- 

 moval of the fishes began when fishes started to 

 surface approximately 30 minutes after the ap- 

 plication of the poison. Removal operations 

 were halted 60 minutes later. In this period 15 

 bass, 400 sunfish, and 250 crappie were re- 

 moved. Many more sunfish and crappie could 

 have been taken during the 60-ininute period if 

 desired. Of the fishes removed 13 bass and 150 

 crappie were stocked in a pond within a few hun- 

 dred yards of the poisoned pond. The remaining 

 fishes were transported to the laboratory 15 

 miles distant and observed for 10 days. In this 

 period, three crappie died. This was the only 

 loss of fishes noted. Subsequent observations 

 of the poisoned pond revealed no dead bass float- 

 ing, although there were a great many fish of 

 other species. 



From observations made of ponds 

 poisoned, it was possible to group the fishes 

 according to the approximate time that they 

 generally appeared at the surface: 



5-15 minutes. --Swamp darter, white crappie, 

 black crappie, flier sunfish, warmouth, 

 green sunfish, bluegill, largemouth bass, 

 steel -colored minnow, grass pickerel, 

 and longnose gar. 



15 - 30 minutes. --Golden shiner. 



20 - 40 minutes .--Yellow and black bullheads. 



30 - 60 minutes. --Carp and smallmouth buffalo. 



The beginning of the removal period was marked 

 by the appearance of fishes at the surface and 

 termination of it was determined by the absence 

 of fishes at the surface. Generally the maximum 

 length of the period in which centrachids could 

 be removed was one hour. The length of the 

 removal period of more resistant species was 

 somewhat longer. In pond 7, where the pH was 

 9.7, none of the fishes surfaced until 30 minutes 

 had elapsed from the time of the application of 

 poison. The removal period of all fishes was 

 extended in this pond. The removal period for 

 goldfish in pond 6, where the estimated concentra- 

 tion of poison was 1.5 p. p.m., lasted for over 

 seven hours. In most instances where removal 

 operations were conducted, it would have been 

 possible to have taken more fish if the operations 

 had been extended, but at a decidedly decreased 

 rate. The time generally spent for removal op- 

 erations approximated the length of the removal 

 period for centrachids. 



After the fishes surfaced, they were 

 readily caught with a dip net . However during 

 the first part of the removal period the fishes 

 exhibited an escape response to movement and 

 noise. They progressively became more sus- 

 ceptible to capture and toward the end of the 

 removal period they could be caught with the 

 hands . 



Other results and observations 



The following qualitative observations 

 were made: 



I 



