32 The Arab Horse 



sage to Jedaan that the morrow meant 

 certain defeat for the Anazah, and begging 

 him to accept Abd-ul-Kerim's mare, and 

 to ride her in the battle, as she was 

 swifter than any animal belonging to the 

 Shammar forces and could take him 

 safely away. This Jedaan did and saved 

 himself. Upton saw Abd-ul-Kerim's 

 mare in his possession when he visited 

 the Anazah in 1875, and describes her. 



Shortly afterward Abd-ul-Kerim, who 

 had been successful in defeating the Turks 

 who sought to subdue the Shammar, was 

 betrayed into their hands by his secretary, 

 an Armenian. They hung him from the 

 bridge at Mosul. 



His brother Farhan, a reprobate, sub- 

 mitted to the Turks, accepted from them 

 the title of Pasha, and at the time of the 

 visit of the Blunts to Mesopotamia was in 

 receipt from them of a salary of ;£3,ooo 

 per annum. 



The more noble of the Shammar, how- 

 ever, joined themselves to a younger 

 brother named Paris, who declared unend- 



