Nymphalidae (the Brush-footed Butterflies) 



The insects belonging to these different subfamilies may be 

 distinguished by the help of the following analytical table, which 

 is based upon that of Professor Comstock, given in his "Man- 

 ual for the Study of Insects" (p. 396), which in turn is based 

 upon that of Dr. Scudder, in "The Butterflies of New England" 

 (vol. i, p. 115). 



KEY TO THE SUBFAMILIES OF THE NYMPHALID/^ OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA 



I. With the veins of the fore wings not greatly swollen at the base. 



A. Antennas naked. 



{a) Fore wings less than twice as long as broad— Euplceince. 



(b) Fore wings twice as long as broad and often translucent, the ab- 

 domen extending far beyond the inner margin of the hind wings 

 — Ithomiincc. 



B. Antennae clothed with scales, at least above. 



{a) Fore wings at least twice as long as broad — Heliconiiuie. 

 (b) Fore wings less than twice as long as broad. 



1. Palpi not as long as the thorax — Nymphalince. 



2. Palpi much longer than the thorax — Libytheince. 



II. With some of the veins of the fore wings greatly swollen at the hase—Satyrim^. 



We now proceed to present the various genera and species of 

 this family which occur within the territorial limits of which this 

 book treats. The reader will do well to accompany the study of 

 the descriptions, which are at most mere sketches, by a careful 

 examination of the figures in the plates. In this way a very clear 

 idea of the different species can in most instances be obtained. 

 But with the study of the book should always go, if possible, 

 the study of the living things themselves. Knowledge of nature 

 founded upon books is at best second-hand. To the fields and 

 the woods, then, net in hand! Splendid as may be the sight of a 

 great collection of butterflies from all parts of the world, their 

 wings 



" Gleaming with put pie and gold," 



no vision is so exquisite and so inspiring as that which greets the 

 true aurelian as in shady dell or upon sun-lit upland, with the blue 

 sky above him and the flowers all around him, he pursues his 

 pleasant, self-imposed tasks, drinking in health at every step. 



79 



