Genus Papilio 



Early Stages. — The egg is outlined on p. 4, Fig. 3. It is green 

 or bluish-green, quite smooth, with a few reddish spots in some 

 specimens. The caterpillar feeds on a great variety of plants, but 

 has a peculiar preference for the leaves of various species of wild 

 cherry {Cerasiis). The chrysalis is accurately portrayed in Plate 

 VI, Figs. 1-4. 



The metropolis of this species seems to be the wooded forests 

 of the Appalachian ranges at comparatively low levels. It abounds 

 in southwestern Pennsylvania, the Virginias, the Carolinas, Ken- 

 tucky, and Tennessee. 1 have often found as many as a dozen of 

 these magnificent butterflies congregated on a moist spot on the 

 banks of the Monongahela. At Berkeley Springs, in West Vir- 

 ginia, I counted, one summer day, forty specimens hovering over 

 the weeds and flowers in a small deserted field. The move- 

 ments of the butterfly on the wing are bold and rapid. Its flight 

 is dashing. Now aloft to the tops of the highest trees, now down 

 in the shadows of the undergrowth, hither and thither it goes, 

 often settling for a moment on some attractive flower, or staying 

 its flight to quench its thirst on the sandy edge of a brook, and 

 then away again over the fields and into the forests. In New 

 England it is not very abundant, and in the Gulf States, while 

 numerous, is still less common than about the head waters of the 

 Ohio. 



(5) Papilio daunus, Boisduval, Plate XXXVIII, Fig. 2, 6 

 (Daunus). 



Butterjly. — This magnificent species, which is even larger 

 than tiirnus (the figures in the plate are greatly reduced), re- 

 sembles the preceding species in color and markings, but may at 

 once be distinguished by the two tails on the hind wing and 

 the -projection of the lobe at the anal angle of this wing. It is 

 found among the eastern valleys of the Rocky Mountain ranges, 

 and descends into Mexico. In Arizona it is quite common. Ex- 

 panse, 4.00-3.25 inches. 



Early Stages. — These have not yet been thoroughly studied, 

 but what we know of them shows that the species is allied very 

 closely to its immediate congeners, and the caterpillar feeds upon 

 the same plants, principally Rosacea-. 



(6) Papilio pilumnus, Boisduval, Plate XXXVIII, Fig. 3, 5 

 (Pilumnus). 



Butterfly^ — Resembling the preceding species, but smaller, 



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