(')() KAMILY NVMl'll \l,l li 1 . 



si'urcfly be the female of C. Orhis since it does not possess the clmracters common to the Oodarlinnnx 

 group, and also because the true female of C. Orhis is in Mr. Druce's Collection from Cuba, and is 

 perfectly distinct in form, n)arking, and coloration. 



The C. YamaiM, of Rcakirt, is described as being nearly allied to C. Pyrnuthe to which it bears 

 considerable resemblance ; indeed, I am informed by Mr. Edwards, of West Virginia, who has kinilly 

 eommunicaled with Mr. Reakirt respecting the species, that the description of C Yamana was delayed 

 until the arrival of a second e.\aniple from the same locality, in order that Mr. Reakirt wight be sure of 

 the correctness of its hal)itat ; under these circumstances I could not well have referred it to C. Scnim 

 had I not received evidence which leads rae to suspect that that species has not been correctU 

 identiKed by American authors. 



It is not impossible that C. Ynmana may be an alliino female of C. Dnjn or C. Trite, either of 

 which would bear a close resemblance (especially on the upper surface) to C. Pijranthe, however 

 without examining the type, or a figure of it, it is impossible to do more than guess at the relations 

 of the sjiccies. 



])r. IJoisduval, in his Hist. (U:i\. Lup. Am. Sept. remarks that the P. Senuce of Linna-us is a 

 variety of C. EuhuJe which has no black points at the extremity of the frontwings ; this is far from 

 being the case, since C Scnum invariably has the black spots well-defined whilst in C. Eiibule they arc 

 often entirely wanting. JIany naturalists seem to have observed the close resemblance existing 

 between C. Sfinna: and C Marcellenu yet almost all have agreed in separating them as distinct species ; 

 thus, Mr. James Duncan in his ^'aturalist's Librarj', vol. 5, p. 122, says that C Euhule {\\\nc\i most 

 old authors considered synonymous with C. Senmc) " so closely resembles C. M(a-ccllina that it is 

 possible they would still have continued to be confounded, as they were by the earlier entomologists, 

 had not the different appearance of the caterpillar in<lioated their essential distinction ; " he describes 

 the caterpillar of C. EubiiJe as "green, covered with small black granules, and having a yellow line 

 along each side, surmounted by another of a blue colour. Donovan, however, tells us that " the 

 specific character of Pajjilio Soma' consists chiefly, according to Linnpeus, in having the double spot in 

 the centre of each wing of a feri'iiginous colour, while in Papilio Marcellina that characteristic mark 

 has the exact appearance of two approximating spots of molten silver. The tips of the wings arc 

 sometimes spotted as in Marcellina, and are sometimes destitute of spots : " Herbst, with more 

 shrewdness than either of the above worthies obseives that " P. Senna' is so like P. Marcellina that it 

 can scarcely be regarded as a distim-t siiecics." 



Sep]) in his figure of Papiliu IIi/j)i;riei omits the black border on outer margin of frontwing.s, but 

 on the under surface figure, which also shows part of the upper surface, this border is put in : he gives 

 the following account of the transformations, " It was on the 1st of March that we found this 

 cateipillar, of a blui.sh green and s])eckled, on the underside of the leaves of the plant which at 

 •Surinam bears the Dutch nanie of Ivingwornikruid ; as it appeared to us to be full grown we ex- 

 pected soon to see it change to a chrysalis, indeed, four days afterwards it began to fix its body and 

 spin a transverse band over it ; after its colour had been altered to a shining and transparent green, 

 on the following day it changed into a red chrysalis prettily striped with yellow, nine days afterwards 

 the butterfly onii^rged from it." 



Under C. Eubule Sepp gives us a second ai'cuunt tlius : "The green caterpillar of our ])]ate very 

 iMUih resembles the cateriiillars of tiie cabbage Ijulterlly of Europe, and is scarcely less eouimon tlian 



