difificult for anyone not possessing his intimate knowledge of the Malay 

 Archipelago to judge or to express an opinion. 



The beginning of our lifelong friendship also dates from that period 

 i.e. 1891, when we exchanged material from Java and Sumatra. 



He made a critical study of the material I had collected in Sumatra 

 and found several varieties to be distinct and peculiar to that region. 

 Thus it came about that many Sumatra butterflies, caught and discovered 

 by me, bear his name. Although I ceded to him a new and hitherto 

 undescribed papilio (iswaroides) I feel no jealousy now, for in those days 

 it would have been impossible for me, a doctor with an extensive practice 

 in Sumatra and without leisure or the necessary books, to devote myself 

 to these studies. Moreover, in those days I still was a convinced oppo- 

 nent of the practice of giving geographical names to certain varieties 

 which in later years, following in Fruhstorfer's footsteps, was to afford 

 me such infinite pleasure. 



It was at Java that he discovered the only known specimen of gmi- 

 roides, a .species of Elymnias which closely mimics an Ideopsis. No other 

 specimen has ever been caught, either by him or by anybody else. It is 

 possible that this specimen belonged to a species which has since become 

 extinct and that Fruhstorfer caught one of the last existing specimens; 

 or perhaps this animal may eventually be found to be an extremely rare 

 dimorphous female of one of the known species. 



During the years 1895 and 1896 Fruhstorfer undertook a further 

 journey to the Malay Archipelago for collecting purposes. He visited 

 Celebes and the smaller Sunda Islands, Bali and Lombok, where he collect- 

 ed a vast amount of material; this expedition, also, proved very profitable 

 from a pecuniary point of view. The very peculiar butterflies of Celebes 

 especially were almost unobtainable before Fruhstorfer undertook this 

 journey and many were only known from illustrations. Only Messrs. 

 Staudinger still possessed some specimens left over from the late D' 

 Platen's collection. 



On Celebes also he immediately recognized the marked difference 

 existing between the varieties in the north and those in the south of the 

 island; hke Wallace, he collected both at Macassar and at Menado. 



He lost no time in publishing descriptions of his valuable disco- 

 veries and in classifying and naming them. At Lombok he had the good 

 fortune to meet that "Prince of collectors", the American, Mr. Doherty and 

 to have an opportunarity of working with him for a week. 



The pecuharity of the fauna of the smaller Sunda Islands — a shar- 

 ply defined region which Fruhstorfer called Mikromalayana in contrast to 

 the greater Sunda Islands (Makromalayana) — had up to that time not 



