1901. J NATURAL SCIENCES OF nilLADELPHIA. 743 



In 1885 the Committee on Lectures and Instruction established 

 an annual series of lectures by men of eminence iu various 

 branches of science, as well as afternoon classes conducted by the 

 Academy's professors. For both series a charge was made to cover 

 expenses. These courses were held annually until the w'inter of 

 1896-7, when a proposition was made by the Ludwick Institute, 

 whereby the Committee of the Academy should cooperate with the 

 Institute in an'angiug courses of lectures on natural science and 

 allied subjects, to be given in the Academy's Lecture Hall and to be 

 free to the public, though primarily for the benefit of public school 

 teachers, the Ludwick Institute bearing all the expenses. 

 „ Under this arrangement six to eight courses of five lectures each 

 have been given annually by members of the Academy. 



The Jessup Fund, originally established iu 1860 for the assistance 

 of young men fitting themselves for scientific work, has during 

 the past tw^enty years aided many students, who have in turn ren- 

 dered most important assistance to the Academy in the care and 

 arrangement of collections. In 1888, Mrs. Clara Jessup Moore 

 established a similar fund of S5,000 for the assistance of young 

 women, three having up to this time profited by this endowment. 



From 1890 to 1899 a medal and cash payment were annually 

 bestowed by the Academy upon the geologist who had accom- 

 plished the most meritorious work during the year. Since then 

 a gold medal has been awarded triennially. This award, known 

 as the Hayden Memorial, is secured by a fund given by Mrs. 

 Hayden in memory of her husband, Dr. F. V. Hayden. 



Up to the year 1900 the Academy's growth had far exceeded its 

 endowment. The funds at the disposal of the institution were 

 entirely consumed in the expenses incident to supporting the 

 museum, the publications and the library. The salaried assistance 

 was wholly inadequate to the needs of the institution, and, as pre- 

 viously, most of the work of arranging and caring for the collec- 

 tions was performed voluntarily or by students of the Jessup Fund. 

 Members had always been most liberal iu contributing to special 

 funds for the purchase of collections, but the Endowment Fund, 

 owing to the broadening of the work of the Academy, became 

 yearly less adequate. 



Since 1890, however, the Academy has received liberal bequests. 



