8 LEPIDOPTERA. 



cilia blue-black. Hind wings and their cilia dark smoky- 

 brown. Female similar, rather larger. 



Underside of the fore wings smoky black ; costa dotted 

 with white. Hind wings smoky white. 



On the wing in June and July. 



Lakva plump but wrinkled, having numerous fine hairs 

 arising from hardh^ noticeable raised dots ; rather glossy, pale 

 flesh colour tinged, especially in the front, with grey ; head, 

 feet, and both plates shining black. 



April and May, on willow, aspen, and poplar, feeding 

 inside the shoots upon the woody substance — making its way 

 in through a bud. 



Pupa glossy rich reddish brown, in a close white cocoon, 

 covered with gnawings of bark, oval in shape, and attached 

 to the twigs (Wilkinson). The late Mr. Machin informed me 

 that it goes to pupa always on a leaf, 



A beautiful species, loving to hide by day upon the 

 branches of willow and sometimes on aspen, or poplar trunks, 

 sitting conspicuously across the fissures of the bark but easily 

 disturbed, when it will hide itself among grass or herbage. 

 After sunset it flies of its own accord high up about the out- 

 sides of the same trees or, in the London suburbs, about 

 those of black poplar. Rather local yet to be found in the 

 southern counties of England from Kent to Devon and 

 Somerset ; and in the eastern counties to Cambs and Norfolk 

 sometimes commonly; also in Herts, Oxfordshire, Hereford- 

 shire, Gloucestershire, Leicestershire, Cheshire, Lancashire, 

 Yorkshire and Northumberland ; but I have no record for 

 Wales ; in Scotland it is found, but not commonly, in Rox- 

 burghshire, the Edinburgh district, Renfrew and elsewhere 

 in the Clyde valley, and iu Aberdeenshire. I am not satisfied 

 that it has, as yet, been found in L'eland. Abroad its range 



