loS LEPIDOPTERA. 



Underside of the fore wings leaden brown, with four pairs 

 of costal white dots. Hind wings pale sraoke colour. 

 On the wing at the end of June, and in Jul}^ 



Larva when young pale green, ta23ering gradually from 

 the third to the anal segment ; head and dorsal plate large, 

 shining black, and having somewhat the appearance of a 

 helmet ; thoracic feet black. As it approaches full growth 

 the third to sixth segments become slightly smaller, and the 

 head and second segment are proportionately less, and lose 

 their blackness, but are slightly darker than the rest of the 

 body, with some brownish markings ; spiracles very small, 

 with a spot above, and one below, very faintly darker ; a few 

 shining dots on the anal segment. 



November to March in catkins of nut and alder, and 

 thence to June in the buds of the same trees, or when the 

 leaves appear sometimes eating their ribs on the underside. 

 (A. Balding.) 



Pupa light brown, with large wing-covers meeting at a 

 projecting point in front ; eye-covers large, round, and con- 

 spicuously black-brown. (A. Balding.) Pupating in the 

 ground, or among moss, or dead leaves. 



This moth hides during the day in alder trees and very 

 generally in hedges, and flies out readily if disturbed ; flying 

 also, on its own account, at dusk. 



Abundant in all parts of England, Wales, and Ireland, 

 and in Scotland to the Orkneys. Abroad it is common 

 throughout Central and Northern Europe, Italy, the North 

 of Spain, Dalmatia, and the Caucasian region. 



Genus 21. ANCHYLOPERA. 



Antennas stout, naked ; palpi slender, depressed, tufted ; 

 thorax smooth ; fore wings devoid of costal fold, apex hooked ; 

 hind wings rather pointed. 



