SER/C ORID.i:—A NCH 1 Y, OPE RA . 125 



hiucl margin retuse and fully rounded below ; orange red or 

 tawny red ; costal area from the base grey-brown ; beneath 

 it is a large, rich chocolate, basal, dorsal blotch, its outside 

 edge perpendicular, sharply defined, and edged with white ; 

 costa dotted with brown and white ; beneath the apex is a 

 short black streak, and below this a very faint greyish 

 ocellus; cilia pale orange brown, white under the apex. 

 Hind wings and their cilia smoky brown. Female similar, 

 rather larger. 



Underside of the fore wings glossy leaden brown ; costa 

 and apex dotted with white. Hind wings leaden white. 



On the wing at the end of May and in June. 



Larva dull green ; head heart-shaped, diaphanous, yellow- 

 ish brown with black wedge-shaped marks at the base, their 

 point directed towards the mouth ; dorsal plate yellowish, 

 paler in front, with a transverse row of uneven black spots ; 

 raised dots shining pale green ; a dusky patch on the anal 

 segment. (Wilkinson.) 



September and October on oak and beech, drawing the 

 sides of a leaf together either in the whole or in part, and 

 forming what Mr, Stainton used to call a " vaulted chamber," 

 within which it feeds, gnawing the inner surface and paren- 

 chyma and removing to another leaf, to act in a similar 

 manner when its food is exhausted. Passing the winter in 

 the final habitation and therein assuming the pupa state in 

 the spring. 



The moth hides during the day in oak or beech trees, and 

 is easily disturbed by the beating stick ; but at from 6 to 8 

 P.M. it flies wildly of its own accord high up about these trees, 

 and in very favourable weather moves earlier in the after- 

 noon. Moderately common in oak woods and occasionally 

 plentiful in them, and about beech, throughout England, 

 and probably Wales, where there are woods, though my only 

 record is in Pembrokeshire. In Scotland it is recorded from 

 Perthshire, Argyleshire, Dumbartonshire, Lanark, Fife, and 



