ST/GMONO TID.-E—GRAPHOLITHA . 211 



shelter of Ononis (restharrow) more appreciated. Its natural 

 flight is at sunset. It is a local species usually confined to 

 the coast, bnt rather commou on the Breek-sands of Norfolk 

 and Suffolk ; occurring also on the coasts of Essex, Kent, 

 Sussex, Dorset, and Lancashire ; and found in plenty in 

 1877 in the Scilly Isles, by Mr. Jenkinson. In Ireland it 

 has been taken near Cork by Capt. Donovan. I have no 

 knowledge of its presence in other parts of these Islands. 

 Abroad it ranges through Central Europe, Italy, Sardinia, 

 Dalmatia, Scandinavia, Armenia and Turcomania. 



4. G. pupillana, Clerck. — Expanse finch (17-20 mm.). 

 Fore wings silvery-white with deep brown stripes. 



Antenn£e dark brown ; palpi and head dull white ; thorax 

 and abdomen dusky white. Fore wings rather elongated, 

 costa nearly straight, apex sharply angulated, hind margin 

 oblique ; silvery white ; basal blotch' large, faintly brown, 

 but its outer margin deep brown, oblique and faintly 

 angulated ; central band slender, deep brown, running 

 obliquely to the anal angle ; from it a more olive-brown 

 cloud runs to near the apex, is preceded by two or three 

 similar costal dots, and followed by an apical spot ; ocellus 

 very pretty, white, containing three clusters of minute deep 

 black dots ; cilia dull white. Hind wings pale smoky-brown 

 with white cilia. Female similar. 



Undersides of the fore wings dark leaden-brown ; costal 

 dots and cilia white. Hind wings leaden-white. 



On the wing in July and August. 



Larva plump, naked, with the segments ridged in front 

 and rather deeply divided ; yellowish- white ; spiracles grey ; 

 head deeply lobed, bright chestnut, going darker ; dorsal plate 

 light brown, anal plate yellowish ; all the legs yellowish- 

 white. When quite full fed pink dorsal and subdorsal lines 

 gradually appear. 



September till June or July in the solid root-stocks of 



