THREE NEW BRITISH BIRDS. 239 



The adult male Collared Flycatcher is easily distin- 

 guished from the Pied Flycatcher by its conspicuous 

 white " collar," which completely encircles the base of 

 the neck. The white spot on the forehead varies in size, 

 but is larger than that in the Pied Flycatcher. The 

 Collared Flycatcher has also a greyish- white rump, and 

 the primaries have a conspicuous white patch showing 

 beyond the primary-coverts. The outer pair of tail- 

 feathers usually have white on the outer web, and only 

 very rarely is there white on the next pair. In young males 

 and females the distinctions are not so easy, but there 

 is usually a shght indication of the collar, and the white 

 spot on the primaries is distinctive, while the second 

 primary is slightly longer than the fifth, instead of 

 being slightly shorter or equal to the fifth, as in the Pied 

 Flycatcher. 



The Collared Flycatcher breeds in Austrian Poland, 

 Austria, Hungary, southern Russia, south, and parts of 

 middle, Germany (but is very rare in north Germany), 

 south-east Europe generally (but in Greece is apparently 

 only a migrant), very local in France, Belgium, Holland, 

 and Italy, and possibly in some Mediterranean islands 

 and Spain. On passage it occurs in most parts of 

 Europe, Persia, Asia Minor, and Palestine, while it 

 winters in Egypt. 



The Pine-Bunting, Emberiza leucocephala S. G. Gm., 

 AT Fair Isle. 



In the first number of the Scottish Naturalist, formerly 

 known as the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Mr. W. 

 Eagle Clarke announces the occurrence of a male Pine- 

 Bunting {E. leucocephala) at Fair Isle on October 30th, 



1911. The bird was noted as a stranger amongst a rush of 

 migrants by Mr. Wilson the " Bird-watcher," and was 

 procured and forwarded to Mr. Clarke (Scot. Nat., 



1912, p. 8). 



The male Pine-Bunting in winter-plumage is some- 

 what hke a Yellow Bunting with the yeUow replaced 

 by white, but the entire throat, cheeks, sides of the neck 

 and upper-breast are chestnut, though this colour is 



