132 LLOYDS NATURAL HISTORY. 



The Marmosets are all gentle and playful in disposition, and 

 are, on this account, very largely brought to Europe as pets ; 

 but they are very delicate, and rarely survive long in confine- 

 ment after the advent of the Northern winter. They are 

 arboreal, living in troops, and feeding on insects and fruit, and 

 not disdaining flesh, especially of fishes, when they can obtain 

 it. They emit a characteristic chirping noise. 



I. THE COMMON MARMOSET. HAPALE JACCHUS. 



Simtajacchus, Linn., Syst. Nat., i., p. 40 (1766). 



Jacchus pencillatus^ Geoffr. Ann. Mus., xix., p. 119 (181 2) ; Spix, 



t. c. p. 34, pi. 26 (1823). 

 Jacchus leucocephalus^ Geofir,, t. c. p. 119. 

 Jacchus vulgaris J Geoffr., t. c. p. 119; Gray, Cat. Monkeys 



Brit. Mus., p. ^2) (1^70? i^^ part). 

 Hapale jacchus^ Kuhl, Beitr., Zool., p. 46 (1820) ; Schleg., Mus. 



Pays Bas, vii., p. 271 (1876). 

 Hapale albicollis^ Spix, Sim. et Vespert. Bras., p. t^t^, pi. 25 



(1823); Geoffr., Cat. Meth. Primates, p. 59 (185 1). 



Characters. — Head small ; eyes gentle ; nose flat ; face black, 

 with a white spot in front ; ears naked, with a tuft of long hairs 

 on the front edge of its opening, either black, white, or grey ; 

 hair of the sides of the head elongated ; back cross-banded 

 with black and grey, the hair at the base dusky, reddish-brown 

 in the middle, grey at the top. Tail banded with black or 

 grey. 



Several species have been described under the names of the 

 White-necked Marmoset {^H. albicollis^ Spix), the Black-eared 

 Marmoset {H. penicillata^ Kuhl), and the White-headed Mar- 

 moset {H. kucocephala^ Kuhl), but Dr. Gray considered these 

 to be only varieties of the common species, which has some- 



