XXU PROCEEDiyCS, AUGUST. 



Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, " Palwontologia Indica." 

 Ser XIII., Salt Range fossils, by \V. Waagen, Ph. D.S.F.G. 1 Pro- 

 ductus — Limestone fossils ; 7 Ciflenterata, Amorphozon — Pi'otozoa. — 

 From the Department. 



Monthly Weather Review, current Nos. — From the Signal Office, 

 Washington. 



Monthly weather report. (Current Nos.) — From the Meteorological 

 Office, Loudon. 



Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, April. 



Monthly Weather Report. Meteorological Service of Canada. March, 

 ISSS. (Pamphlet.) From the Department. 



Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Vol. XLVIII. 

 No. 7, May, ISSS. — From the Society. 



Proceedings of the Linuean Society of New South Wales. Vol. III. 

 Part I, ISSS. 



Proceedings and Transactions of the Queensland Branch of the Royal 

 Geographical Society of Australasia, 3rd session 1SS7-S. Vol. III., 

 Part I. — From the Society. 



Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geographical and Polytechnic Society, 

 N.S. Vol. IX., Part III. pp. .3.37-49S.— From the Society. 



Report on the Meteorology of India in 1SS6, by J. Eliotopia. — From 

 the Department. 



Report of the Technological, Industrial, and Sanitary Museum, 

 Sydney, for 18S7. — Fiom the Department. • 



Scottish Geographical Magazine, Vol. IV. V, Nos. 5, G, 7. — From the 

 Society. 



Si.xtyeighth R,eport of the Council of the Leeds Philosophical and 

 Literary Society at the close of the session, ISS7-S (pamphlet) — From 

 the Society. 



Statistics of the Colony of New Zealand for the year 1SS7. Pt. III. 

 Trade and Interchange. — From the Registrar-General's Office. 



Transactions and i'roceedings and Report of the Koyal Society of 

 Australia. \'ol. X. for IS86-7. — From the Society. 



Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Fiir Erdkunde Zu Berlin. Band 

 XV., No. 4, o, 6. — From the Society. 



THK nU)ELEM OF MALTHUS STATED. 



A paper of considerable length, bearing the above title, was read 

 by Mr. R. M. Johnston, F.L. S. He stated tliat he had prepared 

 the paper mainly with a view to force the noble aims and ideas 

 of Malthus from the great misconception which existed in regard to 

 his problems. The paper opened with the following remarks : — Darwin 

 has observed " that in a state of nature almost every full-grown plant 

 annually produces seed, and amongst animals tlierc are few which do 

 not annually pair. Hence we may confidently assert that all plants and 

 animals are tending to increase at a geometrical ratio — that all would 

 rapidly stock every station in which they could anyhow oist. And 

 this geometrical tendency to increafe must be checked by destruction 

 at some period of life," and, as an inevitable consequence, he goes on to 

 add " that each individual lives by a struggle at some period of its life, 

 that heavy destruction falls either on the young or old during each 

 generation, or at recurrent intervals. Lighten any check, mitigate the 

 (lestruction ever so little, and the number of the species will almost 

 instantaneously increase to any amount." These considerations, the 

 writer submitted, when fully appreciated, formed the foundation of 

 the problem of Malthus. |An Kssay on the "Principle of population." 

 Malthus London, IhJO.] Much attention was devoted by Mr. .Johnston 

 to Mr. Henry George's views on the problem of Malthus. He remarked, 

 *' That Mr. Henry George altogether failed to grasp the various elements 



