BY H. H. SCOTT AND CL1VK E. LOKD. 109 



We may assume in this connection that the Wombats 

 are nearer to the primitive marsupial than the Native 

 Bear is, and that in the Nototherium the post-glenoid and 

 mastoid enclosed the tube-like tympanic — that still re- 

 mains distinct in the Wombat, but has developed a special 

 stirpian trend in the Native Bear. 



Here, then, we get a result structurally the same, in 

 three animals widely removed as to habitat, one having 

 ranged Europe in pleistocene time, a second living in Aus- 

 tralia in the same age, and a third still living in the 

 Indian zoological province. The Marsupial Rhinoceros 

 (X otothi mi in) still shows exactly how the ear was evolved 

 out of the elements common to more than one type of 

 marsupial that still survives. 



THE SIZE OF NOTOTHERIUM MITCEELLL 



It is an interesting study to try to recall the altera- 

 tion in size of the animal here under consideration, that 

 thee new discoveries have forced anon our mental vision. 



Professor Owen allowed for a large animal, and as the 

 female skull known to him and so carefully studied in 

 detail— falls littl short of tin male cranium in poinl of 

 size, he was in this respect fairly well informed In fore- 

 hi ad. and nasal expansion, the male, however, exceeds 

 male by a full inch, and tli refore his remark thai 

 in its facial parts Nototherium was the quaintest animal 

 that ever lived receives additional support, since an extra 

 inch in the dilati n of an animal's nose completely changes 

 tin- facia] contour. The arms and legs, he assumed, w r< 

 bulky, but relatively shelter than we know them to be, 

 as note the size of the upper arm. The humerus Owem 

 allowed for was 400 mm. long and 224 mm. wide. The 

 real humerus is 496 mm. long and 175 mm. wide. 

 Thus the upper arm bone was narrower by two inches, 

 and longer by nearly four inches than was suspected of. 

 If this ratio is carried out to all the bones of the appen- 

 dicular skeleton, we are apparently dealing with an animal 

 at least a foot taller than Professor Owen computed it 

 to be. Even the Leptocerathine group of Nototheria were 

 longer in their humeri by G7 mm. (2£ inches) than the 

 humeri relegated to the Nototheria generally, and the 

 elongation of their scapula? to a measurement of 430 mm. 

 (just on 17 inches) would certainlv never have been guessed 

 at, 



The long narrow foot, not known to have been as- 

 sociated with the animal, and the excessively wide and 

 heavily clawed hand arc also new items, all of wdiich, 

 taken in totality, considerably alter the animal's make-up 



