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ANALYSIS OF TITE OBSERVATORY RECORDS FOR 

 OCTOBER, 186a, IX CONJUNCTION AVITII THOSE 

 OF BIRTHS, DEATHS, &c. By E, Swarrreck Hall. 



Tlie weather generally during the month was favorable to health and life, and 

 the mortality in consequence was below the October average of the previous 

 eight yeai-8, and fell principally upon aged and otherwise enfeebled persons. 

 In no month of any year since the purity of the air has been recorded by the 

 ozonometric test, haa the atmosphere ever before exhibited so large an amount 

 of allotropised oxygen. Atmospheric pressure fluctuated but little ; winds 

 were more than usually'- moderate, and preponderated from healthy quarters. 

 Shade temperature was below the average, while solar heat was above the 

 mean. Daily ranges, however, were somewhat in excess ; rain-fall was above 

 the average, and electricity was abundant. The usual accompaniment of 

 such weather, inflammatory affections of the respiratory organs, was not 

 absent, but the effect on the mortuary returns is scarcely appreciable. 



Atmospheric pressure m&Q.-n, 29"852, was only +'072 above the 20 years' 

 adopted standard mean, and was not so high as October, 1864, by — '035. The 

 extreme range of the mouth was only "720 of an inch, being very considerably 

 less than that of any October of the previous ten years, and — "367 below that 

 of. last year. The extremes were noted on the 6th and 23rd, the former 

 having the minimum 29*464, the latter the maximum 30'184. The greatest 

 movement in any twenty-four hours, from 1 p.m. to 1 p.m., was a fall of — '411 

 on the 31 st. The greatest rise was -f '344 on the 2nd. Altogether there were 

 twelve days on which the perturbations exceeded one-fifth of an ioch, and 

 though this is the same amount in number as occurred in October, 1864, yet 

 the extent of the fluctuations was very much less. 



Wind-force total was 86"89 lbs , being — 12"64 lbs. less than the average of 

 the previous eight years, but — 22*12 lbs, less than October, 1804, had. 

 South-West, West, and North-West, were all above the average both in 

 frequency and force, and the other five points wei-e all below. The strongest 

 winds had a pres?ure of 5*211bs, to the square foot, and were registered five 

 times. Calms were noted at 17 observations, being the same in number as 

 last year, but -f 1*43 more than the October average of the previous seven years, 

 A hot wmd blew on the 31st, and one approaching that character prevailed on 

 the 4th. 



Temperature mean, 53*67 degrees, is — "78 of a degree below the 20 years' 

 mean, but is almost identical with that of October 1864, Indeed, the last 

 three Octobers have all been much colder, than have been noted in other years 

 since 1863, The self-registering maxima and minima thermometers, however, 

 gave a much higher mean, i.e., 55*76 degrees, which is -1-2*17 more than 

 the same instruments gave last year. The extremes were 38 minimum, regis- 

 tered on the 1st, 2nd, 8th, 11th ; 84 maximum on the 31st, The latter was 

 only exceeded four times in the previous twenty -four years, i.e., 87 in 

 October 1861, 85 in 1855, 85*9 in 1854, 91*5 in 184.5, The mean of all the high- 

 day temperatures was 65*58 degrees, while last year's was only 63*29. On the 

 other hand the low-night temperatures were almost alike, being respectively 

 45*95 for 1865, 45*51 for 1864. 



Daily-range of teviiperature had the mean of 19-30 degrees, being +*30 

 above the 20 years' mean, and 3 00 above 1864. Thus, while the nights neaidy 

 corresponded in temperature in Octobers 1864 and 1865, the latter year had 

 much warmer days, and consequently a much wider daily-range of tempera- 

 ture. The greatest range occurred on the 31st, and was 38 degrees, being 

 -fll more than that of 1864. As high a range, however, was noted in 1862, 

 though not in any other year of the 24 recorded. The lowest range was 

 degi-ees on the 9th. 



Solar-intensity mean was 97*18 degrees, which exceeds that of the previous 

 ten years by -M*76, that of 1864 by 4-2*86, and that of 1863 by -f 3*39. The 

 maxiwum was X19 degrees on the 3lst, X856 had a maximuru of 120 degrees, 



