BY E. L. PIESSE, B.SC, LL.B. 



53 



From this point of view the most important matter is 

 that the constituencies shall each return an odd number of 

 members. This may be illustrated by the following table, 

 based on the Tasmanian General Election of 30th April, 

 1912, which shows, (A) the actual representation given by 

 the six-member districts, and (B) what would probably have 

 been the representation if the districts had returned five 

 members each, or (G) seven members each. 



5. In single transferable-vote systems the quota is the 

 number of votes necessary to secure the election of a candi- 

 date. ("*) 



In party-list systems the quota is the number by which 

 the total votes for each list is divided in order to ascertain 

 the number of members to be elected from the list. 



Single Transferahle-vote Si/stems. 



6. In 1855 a system of proportional representation based 

 upon the single transferable vote was introduced in Den- 

 mark. The rules for conducting the election were the 

 work of a mathematician, M. Andrae, at that time Min- 



(**) In ^^ 9-20 cases are discussed in which candidates can be 

 returned with less than the quota. 



