Hobart he was told that typhoid would 

 not live in it, but on reaching Tasmania 

 he found that two children of Bishop 

 Montgomery's had been laid up with it, 

 and that otie of them died. He had been in 

 a great many cities on the Continent of 

 Europe, including Cologne, which was 

 famed for its foul and beautiful smells, 

 and he could saj that the smells of Hobart 

 were quite as bad as those of Cologne. 

 On one occasion, while going to one of the 

 Hobart churches to preach, he got a smell 

 which remained with him during half 

 the service. Hobart was a long way be- 

 hind the age in the matter of sanitaJtion. 

 The cobble stones of the channels retained 

 the sewage in their interstices, and if the 

 smells were so bad in the cold weather, 

 what must they be in the hot weather? At 

 Bishopscourt, when he went there, he saw 

 adjacent a lovely creek coming down from 

 the mountain, but he was told that when 

 the summer weather had set in, it would 

 become a filthy sewer. As to the pan sys- 

 tem, it was beneath the dignity of a com- 

 munity of 40,000 people like Hobart to 

 have it. He indicted it on the ground of 

 costliness alone. They had the same sys- 

 tem at St. Helens, Lancashire, and it cost 

 2id. per head per week, but he was told 

 that in Hobart it cost 6d. per week. He 

 cited statistics showing that zymotic 

 disease decreased in cities as the water- 

 oarriage system was used. An epidemic of 

 fever in 1900 in South Africa was direct- 

 ly traced to the operations of flies, and at 

 Gorton, where he had come from, a table 

 was kept showing when the flies and the 

 typhoid came and went, and it was seen 

 that the one exactly agreed with the other. 

 No one was safe where the flies were. Ho- 

 ibart was a lovely place, but let them make 

 it more lovely still. The open sewers of 



the city were a disgrace to it. It was no{ 

 a matter of the death-rate but of the 

 typhoid rate. He strongly appealed t( 

 the authorities to take action in this mat 

 ter. 



Mr. A. Thorpe, Alderman G. E. Moorej 

 Dr. E. J. Crouch, Mr. Target, and MrJ 

 A. R. Green also took part in the discus^ 

 sion. 



Mr. E. H. Wilkinson, Engineer of th« 

 Metropolitan Drainage Board, showed 

 number of lantern views illustrating the 

 sewage works at Sydney, and went on to 

 say that the existing sanitary conditions 

 at Hobart were most unsatisfactory. It 

 was the old tale of impure air and water, 

 owing to defective drainage. The posi- 

 tions of some of the dwelling houses were 

 quite unsuited for human habitations. The 

 configuration of the city told any engineer 

 that the natural outfall for the drainage 

 was Macquarie Point. The tides at Ho- 

 bart were very regular, and the mean aver- 

 age difference between high and low water 

 was 3ft. 9in. There was nothing senti- 

 mental about septic tanks ; they were 

 scientific facts. They purified sewage with- 

 out bacterial beds. It was intended to 

 take the Hobart sewage into very deep 

 water, where it would get the full benefit 

 of the tidal flush. 



Some ladies, who were members of the 

 old sanitary society of Hobart were pre- 

 sent, and the president invited them to 

 contribute to the discussion, but no re- 

 sponse was made. He, however, asked 

 them to continue the useful work which 

 he was told they had done in times gone 

 by. 



A vote of thanks was passed to the 

 speakers, and the proceedings then ter- 

 minated. 



i 



