little variation in temperatures and the greatest difference betnecn the 

 surface and the 50-incter level was only 3.4-°. Currents were strong and 

 their general direction was northeasterly. 



Third Cruise 



At the beginninc of this cruise the vessel proceeded fror. 39° 38 'N 

 on a north-by-east course in search of suitable water. North of <4.3°N the 

 water temperature fell sharply, there were few zones of suitable 17'' to 

 18® water, and cold zones of 13° to 15° water predoninntcd. The effect of 

 the cold currents was thought to be great. 



Fourth Cruise 



The currents were gentle on the grounds between .4.3° and UU° 30 'N and 

 167° and 174.°E and only a slight northeasterly flow could be detected. 

 A search for suitable water was made, but few variations in temperature 

 were encountered. 



5. Schools and signs of life on the sea, relationship between the types 



of schools and bait-taking, and the relationship between weather and current 

 and bait-taking 



On the first cruise many flocks of birds iverc seen at 36° 25 'N, 172° 

 29'E in an area with a 17° surface t^jr.pcratura. The lines were immediately 

 set, and while patrolling them a school was seen swimrlng close to the 

 surface. An attempt was made to fish the school rdth poles, but the fish 

 were movin^ fast and calted sardines were used for bait, there being no 

 live sardines aboard, and as a result it was impossibl,' to hold the school 

 alongside for any length of time. On the other cruises few birds were 

 sighted and no alba'^ore were seen in the water. The currf~nts at the 

 surface and at the level at which the fish were s^Timning were not the same, 

 and therefore even when a good fishing ground was once discovered it was 

 extremely difficult to know how far to go and in what direction in order 

 to set the linos on the follo".7ing day. 



6. Methods of keeping bait and the relationship between freshness and 

 effectiveness of bait 



Before sailing the inside s of the fishholds were thoroughly cleaned 

 and clean straw mats were spread in them. Approximately the lov?cr one- 

 third of a hold was then filled 'xLth crushed ice and the boxes of frozen 

 squid wore stowed on top of this layer. More crushed ice •..•as heaped on 

 top of the bait to a level of about two-thirds o^ thr. capacity of the hold. 

 The boxes of salted sardines were then placed on to"5 of this layer r.nd 

 carefiiily covered v.lth severi'.l layers of straw m-.ts. The inner "nd outer 

 hatch covers were put on and covered tightly with a tarpaulia so tJiat no 

 sea ';(nter could leak in. There ivas^ hov;cvcr, consider; i^->lc loss of ice by 

 mcltii.g, and at the end of th^ survjy the icehcldc were inspected and found 

 to need repairs, ^^^en the vessel was undergoing repairs, the rotten 

 portions of the paititions were replaced and the inadequately insulated 

 places -were all fixed. 



£ k tabic of data on bait has been omitted from the tranelation hero._7 



150 



