are circumpolar and abundant in the South- 

 em Ocean, following edges of pack ice; 

 straggling to southern tips of New Zealand, 

 Australia, Tasmania, and South America. 

 Genus Ommatophoca Gray, 1844 



Ommatophoca rossi Gray, 1844 (Ross seal). 

 In and along edges of pack ice in Southern 

 Ocean, south of 60° S. 

 Genus Hydrurga Gistel, 1848 



Uydrurga leptonyx Blainville, 1820 (leopard 

 seal). Leopard seals are circumpolar in the 

 Southern Ocean and are recorded from many 

 subantarctic islands, as well as the south- 

 em tips of New Zealand, Australia, South 

 America, and South Africa. 

 Genus Leptonychotes Gill, 1872 



L ep tony cho te s weddelli Lesson, 1826 

 (Weddell seal) Circumpolar in the Southern 

 Ocean, south to 80° Sin the Bay of Whales; 

 straggling to subantarctic islands and as 

 far north as Uruguay, 35° S. 

 Subfamily Cystophorinae (hooded seal and ele- 

 phant seals) 

 Genus Cystophora Nilsson, 1820 



Cystophora cristata Erxleben, 1777 (hooded 

 seal; bladdemose seal). North Atlantic 

 Ocean at edges of ice from Novaya Zemlya 

 to eastern Canada. Jan Mayen and New- 

 foundland breeding stocks are perhaps 

 distinct. 

 Genus Mirounga Gray, 1827 (elephant seals) 



Mirounga leonina Linnaeus, 1758 (southern 

 elephant seal). Circumpolar on subantarctic 

 islands, south to edges of ice at 78° S. 

 The southern elephant seal breeds along a 

 continental coast only at Argentina. 



Mirounga angustirostris Gill, 1866 (northern 

 elephant seal). Breeds on a few islands off 

 Baja California and California; nomadic in- 

 dividuals are seen as far north as British 

 Columbia and even Alaska. 



SIRENIANS 



Order Sirenia (sirenians; sea cows) 

 Family Dugongidae 

 Subfamily Dugonginae 



Genus Dugong Lacep^de, 1799 



Dugong dugon P. L. S. MUller, 1776 (dugong). 



In tropical bays and estuaries of the Indian 



and western Pacific Oceans on both sides 



of the equator; from the Red Sea south along 



the east coast of Africa to Mozambique and 

 Madagascar (23° S); northeast to Amami 

 Oshima (Ryukyu Islands); east to Palau and 

 the Solomon Islands; southeast to northern 

 Australia; probably exterminated in many 

 localities within its range. It quite certainly 

 does not extend to the Marshall Islands, 

 though Carter et al. (1945, p. 136) listed it 

 from here. 

 Subfamily Hydrodamalinae 



Genus Hydrodamalis Retzius, 1794 

 }{y dro dam ali s gigas Zimmermann, 1780 

 (Steller sea cow; great northern sea cow). 

 Discovered on Bering Island in western 

 Bering Sea in 1741, the Steller sea cow was 

 exterminated by 1768. In historic times, it 

 lived only on Bering and Copper Islands 

 and its total population probably did not 

 exceed one or two thousand animals. Bones 

 (of a stranded animal?) have been found on 

 Attu, the westernmost Aleutian Island. 

 Family Trichechidae 



Genus Trichedius Linnaeus, 1758 (manatees). 

 General range, shallow tropical marine 

 waters, estuaries, and rivers on both sides 

 of the Atlantic Ocean. 



Trichechus manatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Carib- 

 bean manatee). Two races have been de- 

 scribed: T. m. manatus from "Bay of 

 Campeche to Rio Atrato, Colombia . . . coast 

 and lower reaches of rivers of northeastern 

 South America and West Indies" and T. m, 

 latirostris Harlan, 1824 from "coast and 

 coastal rivers of United States from Beau- 

 fort, N. C, to Florida Keys and coasts of 

 Gulf of Mexico; westward along coast of 

 Texas to mouth of Rio Grande" (Miller and 

 Kellogg, 1955, p. 790-791). 

 Trichechus senegalensis Link, 1795 (West 

 African manatee). "This manatee lives in 

 the lower reaches of the West African rivers 

 from Senegal to Angola and in the coastal 

 lagoons" (Allen, 1942, p. 547). 

 Trichechus inunguis Natterer, 1883 (Amazon 

 manatee). "Rivers of northeastern South 

 America, particularly the Amazon and 

 Orinoco systems" (Hatt, 1934, p. 538). 



CETACEANS 



Order Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) 

 Suborder Odontoceti (toothed cetaceans) 



