ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. 65 



are usually large (of the size of an ordinary pea), and the 

 normal green is often blushed with rose where exposed to 

 the light of the sun. On carefully opening one of them, we 

 shall find the mother-louse diligently at work surrounding 

 herself with pale yellow eggs of an elongate oval form 

 scarcely one hundredth of an inch long, and not quite half as 

 thick. She is about four hundredths of an inch long, gener- 

 ally spherical in shape, of a dull orange color, and looks 

 not unlike an immature seed of the common purslame. At 

 times by the elongation of the abdomen, she is more or less 

 perfectly pear-shaped. Her members are all dusky, and so 

 short, compared to her swollen body, that she appears very 

 clumsy, and undoubtedly would be outside of her gall, 

 which she never has occasion to quit, and which serves her 

 alike as dwelling house and coffin. More carefully ex- 

 amined, her skin is seen to be shagreened or minutely 

 granulated and furnished with rows of minute hairs. The 

 eggs begin to hatch, when six or eight days old, into active 

 little oval, six-footed beings, which differ from their mother 

 in their brighter yellow color and more perfect legs and 

 antennae, the tarsi being furnished with long, pliant hairs, 

 terminating in a more or less distinct globule. In hatching, 

 the egg splits longitudinally from the anterior end, and the 

 young louse, whose pale-yellow is in strong contrast with 

 the more dusky color of the egg-shell, escapes in the course 

 of two minutes. Issuing from the mouth of the gall, these 

 young lice scatter over the vine, most of them finding their 

 way to the tender terminal leaves, where they settle in the 

 downy bed which these leaves afford, and commence 

 pumping up and appropriating the sap. The tongue sheath 

 is blunt and heavy, but the tongue proper — consisting of 

 three brown, elastic, and wiry filaments, which, united, 



