NEILGHERRY PLANTS. 19 
portion of azote which it contains. In the Chinese and Paraguay tea, it is quite identical and 
has been called Theine from Thea, the Botanical name of Tea ; that of Coffee and Coco being 
slightly different, has been respectively called Coffeine and Theobromine, Theobroma 
caco being the name of the latter. These chemical investigations have further led to the dis- 
covery that the fatty deposits of animal bodies contain a large proportion of Azote and that 
azotized foot is necessary for its productien : hence it is justly inferred that these beverages are 
all endowed with nutritious properties to an extent far beyond what, previous to these dis- 
coveries, they were supposed to possess. 
Botanically considered, the Tea and Camellia are esteemed species of the same genus 
In like manner Paraguay Tea and the common Holly are species of the same genus, but 
chemical analysis has not discovered Theine in either Camellia or Holly, a fact that will 
perhaps lead Botanists to reconsider the Botanical characters of these genera before finally 
uniting, the former with Thea or the latter with Liz. . 
It is said that a species of Ewrya is used in Ceylon as tea. There are two specics 
of Iliz on the Hills, one, of these Jliz dentata is very nearly allied to the Liz Paraguayensis, 
it might, therefore, be interesting to have the leaves of both our Eurya and Jliz analysed to 
ascertain whether either might be used as a substitute for the Chinese leaf. 
CLEYERA. 
Calyx of 5 sepals, with 2 bracteoles at the base. Petals 5, distinct, with a broad base, alternate 
with the sepals : estivation imbricated. Stamens distinct, adheringto the base of the petals: anthers ad- 
nate, linear, dehiscing longitudinally. Style single, crowned by 2-3 stigmas. Fruit baccate, 2 3-celled. 
Seeds 2 in each cell, pendulous from the summit of the axis, wingless: albumen fleshy: embryo curved.— 
Evergreen shrubs with axillary peduncles. Flowers of a moderate size, white or yellowish.—W. and A. 
Prod. p. 86. 
Only six species of this genus are yet 
and Nepaul, one from Ceylon, and lastly, the one here figured from the Neilgherries: another is stated 
by Dr. Wallich to be a native of Nepaul, but that has not yet been described. The Ceylon one, first de- 
scribed in my Illustrations, seems very closely allied to one of the Japan ones, if not indeed the same. The 
Neilgherry one is a large tree, extensively distributed over the hills. 
As ornamental trees, both this and the following merit being more extensively introduced about our 
groundsand enclosures, and judging from its frequency, in nearly all situations on the Hills, | should suppose this 
‘might easily be accomplished and prove a vast improvement, by displacing the Cassia tomentosa which is not to 
be compared with them in beauty. Those who may taiuk of making the attempt thus to decorate their grounds, 
should raise the plants from seed, as those removed from the jungle generally die, partly owing to the 
injury their roots sustain in transplanting, but principally through the rude exposure to which their removal 
from the shelter and rich moist soil of the forest subjects them, when weakened by being deprived of the greater 
part of the delicate fibres of their roots, which are as truly the organs of nutrition of plants as the stomach 
is that of animals. When transplanting is attempted, the rainy season, June and July, should be chosen, and 
the plants selected for removal the smallest that can be found, soas to admit of their being artificially shel- 
tered from the strong winds which then prevail. ‘This is a general principle in transplanting applicable to all 
sorts of trees and shrubs. 
CLEYERA GYMNANTHERA (W. & A.:) glabrous: flowers, flowering in May, June and July, and ripenio 
leaves cuneate-obovete, obtuse or shortly and obtuse- its fruit in February and March. It is however so 
ly pointed, coriaceous, entire: peduncles twice generally distributed that it is to be found in flower 
long as the petioles, 2-edged: brecteoles persistent : and fruit at nearly a | seasons, varying according ,10 the 
anthers dotted with little points on the connectivum, aspectandshelterit enjoys. Thetimber is ofa re 
without bristles.— W. an ro. jour, of rather close grain and ig by the natives con- 
large tree with bright shiniog leaveb and yellow sidered strong and durable, 
described, of these one is from China, two Japan, one Japan 
= 
a 
