42 NEILGHERRY PLANTS. 
RHA MNUS.— Buckthorn, 
Calyx urceolate, 4-5-cleft. Petals wanting; or 4-5, either nearly flat, or slightly convolute and 
emarginate at the apex. Stamens with ovate 2-celled anthers. Torus thin, lining the tube of the calyx. 
Ovary free from the calyx and not immersed in the torus, 2-3-4-celled. Styles 2-4, more or less, connected 
or distinct. Fruit fleshy, containing 2-4 indebiscent cartilaginous nuts ; one of them occasionally abortive. 
—Shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, stipuled, short-stalked, feather-nerved.— W. 
and A. Prod. p. 164, 
Only two species of this genus are known in Southern India both of which occur in considerable 
abundance on the hills, but more especially R. Wightit, which is very abundant in the thickets about Ootaca- 
mund. In appearance it does not agree well with the one here represented, and perbaps it may be doubted 
whether it ought to be looked upon as a true Rhamnus : but while my acquaintance with this genus is so 
limited I cannot venture to separate it. The other is 1 think a genuine Rhamnug and very nearly related 
to the original species R. Catharticus. 
RuamNnous arrsuta. (W.& A.:) young branches pu- ous from the persistent lower half: fruit 2-celled : 
brous with a i 
bescent, spinescent; older ones glabro seeds plano-convex, witha deep furrow at the base 
white cuticle: leaves opposite or alternate, ovate, or on the outer convex side.— WW. and A. Pro p. 165. 
oblong lanceolate, with a short sudden acumination, A considerable shrub rather extensively distributed 
serrulate branaceous, nearly glabrous above, on the Hills, but not so common on the higher ranges 
beneath hairy, perticularly on the nerves and veins; aslower dow ‘he specimen delineated suppli 
pedicels from the base of the young shoots, 3-6 to- somewhat flattering likeness as it usually presents a 
gether, pubescent, as long as the petiole: calyx 4- rather scraggy appearance, It is to be met with ina 
cleft: petals obovate, obtuse, entire, flat: ovary flower at almost all seasons, but is not so free asthe 
2-3 celled : styles 2-3, connected to the middle, then other in bearing fruit. 
a 
GOUANIA, 
Calyx 5-cleft; segments spreading. Petals 5, convolute or cucullate. Stamens 5, enclosed within 
the petals: anthers ovate, 2-celled. Disk concave or flattish, 5-angled, the angles opposite to the petals? 
the sides usually produced opposite to the calycine-segment, and forming a stellate disk, the accessory angles 
being either entire or 2-horned or truncated. Ovary connate with the bottom of the tube of the calyx, 
covered over by the disk, 3-celled. Style 3-fid. Fruit inferior, with 3 angles or keels or wings, consisting of 
3 separable dry coriaceous compressed indehiscent carpels (mericarps), which are attached to acentral tri- 
partite filiform receptacle.— Usually climbing shrubs, with the branches often, from abortion, converted into 
tendrils, Leaves stipulated, alternate, feather-nerved, somewhat 3-nervad at the base fram the lower nerves 
being largest and arched. Flowers usually fascicled on leafless branches, forming interrupted spikes or ca- 
cemes, rarely umbellate or racemose in the axils of the upper leaves, Fruit, asin the Umbellifere, but con- 
sisting of 3 instead of 2 mericarps. ; 
This genus partakes much more of the tropial character than the other and is only found onthe 
lower slopes. The specimen figured was gathered some distance below Coonoor. Only one other species 
is found in Southern India. They are both rambling scandent shrubs, clinging by means of their tendrils to 
others among which they grow.— W. and A. Prod. p.166. 
Govania teprostacaya (D. C.:) branches glab- two-horned apex: fruit glabrous, shortly winged,— 
rous : Jeaves ovate, acuminated, slightly cordate at the -and A. Prod. p. 166. : 
coarsely crenate-serrated, glabrous: racemes An extensively straggling climbing shrub, found in 
interrupted, axillary or in terminal panicles, elongat- great abundance along the road between Burliar and 
ed, when young, pubescent, afterwards glabrous: Coonoor, flowering towardsthe end of the year aa 
flowers on very short pedicels, polygamous: disk maturing its fruit during the hot season. e for- 
glabrous, stellate ; accessory angles part ly adnate to merly supposed this species confined to the Northern 
the calycine lobes, free and acuminated towards the parts of Peninsula, a point on which, it now appears 
we were mistaken, 
