ORDER IV. MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES. 149 



city of KafFa, now called Theodosia, a name given to it by 

 the modern northern Semiramis, Catharine II., in honor of 

 Julian's profligate empress. As we neared the city, the 

 high-soaring larks and the melodious nightingales, from 

 the topmost branches of the trees, were warbling their 

 morning salutations to the rising sun, whose crimson beams 

 had just begun to gild the neighboring hills with purple 

 and gold, brightening till their illuminated tops seemed like 

 golden crowns liovering over the heads of Julian and his 

 Empress Theodosia. The contrasts of scenery and of char- 

 acter — Julian, the apostate and enemy of Christianity, and 

 Theodosia, once a prostitute, now a fanatic and an empress 

 — were absorbing all our thoughts, when we came upon a 

 comfortable-looking country residence, on all sides sur- 

 rounded with white mulberry-trees. Supposing, of course, 

 that these were cultivated for the purpose of raising silk, we 

 could not forbear alighting from the horse and seeking the 

 acquaintance of the proprietor. The estate belonged to an 

 Armenian gentleman, who very kindly received us, and 

 showed us his whole plantation. There were about 800 

 mulberry-trees upon an area of 300 square yards, and the 

 multitude of silk-worms in their several airy apartments were 

 just on the point of making their cocoons. The net profit 

 of this one establishment for the year previous was 1200 ru- 

 bles, equivalent to 8240, and the proprietor informed us 

 that he had several other similar ones in different places. 



All these peaceful establishments in the Crimea — the 

 home and the happiness of so many families, the support 

 of thousands of harmless and virtuous men, women, and 

 children — have been destroyed in the late pestilential war, 

 and the inhabitants plundered, driven away, or cruelly mur- 

 dered, and all merely to satisfy the ambition and add to 

 the glory and power of tyrants. Strange that the tortured 

 nations of Europe can submit to the oppressive yoke of tyr- 

 anny which crushes them ! Passing strange that they do 



