47 



grown it is about two inches loni[^. They feed sometimes singly, 

 sometimes in rows. Dr. Lintner mentions finding sixteen " ar- 

 ranged side by side in perfect parallelism," on a leaf of the pop- 

 lar. They reach their full development about the last of August, 

 and make cocoons in whicli they remain to appear as moths the next 

 season. The moths, figure ob, male, differ considerably in color 

 according to sex. The- males are smaller and of a deep vellow on 

 the front wings, witii markings of reddish purple. The liind 

 wings have a border of the same peculiar purple near the body 

 and a narrow band near the outer edge, while there is an eye spot 

 about tlie middle of each hind wing of dark blue with a white 

 center and a broad black border. The wings are about two in- 

 ches and a half across. The female is about an inch more across 

 the wings and is of a much darker color, the yellow predominating 

 very little and the general color being a sort of reddish or purplish 

 brown marked with gray. The hind wings are more like those 

 of the male in color but the eye spots are much larger. There is 

 a much larger moth, called by Harris the Imperial moth, which 

 has wings that spread four or five inches, of a yellow quite similar 

 to the male, /o, and banded with the same reddish ])urple. Its scien- 

 tific name is Eacles imperialism Drury. I do not know that its 

 larvte feed upon elm leaves, and it has, so far as I know, never been 

 reported as doing so, but I suspect it does, for I have taken the 

 moths several limes from elm trees, and in parks where no other 

 trees were near at hand and where no oak, walnut, or any of the 

 trees given as those upon which tlie larva feeds were within a con- 

 siderable distance. The common tent caterpillar, Clisiocampa 

 Americana,, is not reported as feeding upon the elm, and I know 

 of but one instance of its doing so. Last year a medium sized elm 

 near mv house was infested by this insect, and one quite large nest 

 was allowed to remain till late fall. I have also seen the larva; 

 upcjn one or two young elms this summer. 



A moth which is not at all common, known as Tolypc vcllcda^ 

 Stoll., feeds upon the elm as well as upon the apple and oak. 

 The moth is one of the lappet moths, a wooly or fuzzv insect, 

 with white and gray wings, about an inch and a half across in the 

 males, and an inch more in the females. The caterpillai has a 

 bluish-gray body, according to Dr. Lintner, with longitudinal 

 lines. There are scattered parts from which proceed hairs, which 



