16 



sort of butter is produced. This process may require but a short 

 time or it may need nearly an hour. The warmer the liquid is, up 

 to the boiling point, the sooner the churning is effected. If a 

 stronger mixture is needed the amount of oil can easily be increas- 

 ed in the next lot. In the form of kerosene butter the mixture may 

 be kept indefinitely. When used water is added, from ten to fif- 

 teen times as much as the amount of the emulsion used. This 

 can then be put on the plants with a force pump or sprinkled with 

 a watering pot. An emulsion which is perhaps more easily pre- 

 pared than any other, and is also quite as efficient, if not more so, 

 is one recommended by Prof. A. J. Cook. This is made by tak- 

 ing one quart of soft soap or four ounces of bar soap, and dissolv- 

 ing it in two quarts of boiling water and when the soap, is dissolv- 

 ed and while the solution is hot, a pint of kerosene is poured in. 

 The whole is then vigorously stirred until, when at rest, no oil 

 rises to the top. When used, enough water is added to make fif- 

 teen pints, and then it can be applied to the foliage or stems of 

 plants. This can also be used beneficially to destroy lice on do- 

 mestic animals, although, by some, tobacco water is preferred. I 

 have used an emulsion made substantially like the above on rose 

 bushes with excellent effect. Bushes treated by being thoroughly 

 syringed with the above, using, however, about twice as much 

 water for the final dilution, have been kept free from slugs, and all 

 the other pests so common on roses, while adjoining bushes un- 

 sprinkled were left with only skeletonized leaves. A single appli- 

 cation may be sufficient, but perhaps it would be better to repeat 

 it a week or two later. If the bushes are well syringed as soon as 

 insects appear fine fresh foliage may be kept as long as the flowers 

 last. 



PYRETHRUM. 



The Persian insect powder or Pyrethrum is sometimes verv val- 

 uable and sometimes quite useless. It is often used dry, dusted 

 over the infested plants, but it is easy to see that when used in 

 this way anv insectical is much less likely to remain where it is 

 need than if applied wet, and on all accounts it is better to apply 

 it as a mixture with water. A large teaspoonful stirred in a gallon 

 of-water makes a good mixture, although for some purposes it 

 may be made stronger. Some of the experiments tried with this 

 mixture have been very successful while others have not been so 

 at all. There are numerous varieties of the powder and some of 



