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ferent species of the lady-birds and shows differences in the mark- 

 ings as well as in form. The first figure beginning on the left in 

 figure 57 is Hippodatnia maculata^ De. G. a common species. 

 The next without spots is Coccinella munda^ Say. and the next 

 Coccinella iiovetnnotata^ Herb., above wliich is its pupa. Be- 

 low, on the left, is shown a form common south of here in three 

 stages. Another figure of the same species is shown in figure 58 

 number 14, natural size and enlarged. Figure 58, copied from a 

 plate by Prof. Comstock, gives excellent illustrations of several 

 species of these lady-birds both natural size and enlarged, and 

 the larvas of most of them, enlarged. A brief enumeration of the 

 species illustrated may be of service to some. As I think it very 

 important that all should be familiar with these insects, I have in- 

 troduced numerous illustrations and have thought best to give 

 figure 58 entire, as Prof. Comstock gave it, though all of the spe- 

 cies figured are not found in Vermont. Numbers I, 2, 'd^Cyc/ofie- 

 da abdoininalis^ Say., larva, pupa, and perfect beetle, "is a small 

 ashy gray insect, there are seven black spots on the thorax and 

 eight upon each wing cover." Comstock. Cycloneda sano-jil- 

 nea, L. is shown in the larva and perfect stage in 4 and 5. "Its 

 color varies from blood-red to brick-red, thorax biack with two 

 orange spots and edged with the same color, and head black with 

 two light spots." This is the same species as that shown in 

 figure 56, upper middle figure, named Coccinella tuunda^ Sav., 

 but referred by Prof. Comstock to Linneus' species. It is com- 

 mon everywhere. Number six is, Cycloneda occulata a spe- 

 cies which closely resembles a more common one known as the 

 twice-stabbed lady-bird, Chllocoriis blviilnerus^ Mul., as does also 

 number 9 which is a west coast species, shown in its three stages. 

 It lives on cactus. The twice-stabbed lady-bird is especially use- 

 ful in destroying bark liee. Numbers 10, 11, 12 illustrate a very 

 common and very useful lady-bird, Hlppodamla ambigua^ Lee. 

 The larva of this number 10 is a slug-like insect of a blackish 

 color above, and greenish below. The upper part is spotted with 

 orange. The perfect insect, number 12, is black with a partial 

 white border on the thorax, while the wing-covers are red. As 

 the figure shows, this species is longer than many lady-birds. 

 Number 13 is a western species. Number 14, as has been noticed 

 above, is Hippodatnia cottvergens^ Guer. This is one of the most 

 common species, especially in the south. The only beetles which 



