122 Annals Entomological Society of America [Vol. III. 



the Tortricidae; Vjut on a!) the tubercles ii are not fused across the 

 middle line. 



In the structure of its lower lip this family is very di<lferent from 

 the Tortricidae, and may be the most primitive of the Frenatae. 



Example Cossus cossus (three stages). Fij^s. 12'.), L'iUand l.'jl 



.■^^>.ERIIDAE (SeSIIDAE). 



No secondary hair; prolegs with hooks in two curved transver.se 

 lines, all of the same length, anals rudimentary, with few hooks. 

 Epicrania low, with // rather near the adfrontals, adfrontals practically 

 reaching vertex, their setae close together near the middle, puncture 

 opposite upper seta; front high and lanceolate, setae high, punctures 

 low and not very close together; clypeal setae well separated. Labrum 

 normal ; maxillae with large cones part way down the inner side as 

 in Ilcpialus, but galea arising from second joint of palpus as in Frena- 

 tae. Basal joint of antennae massive. Body with iv and v fused, vii 

 is a vertical row of three setae, the middle one the longest. Last 

 spiracles dorsal and higher than Hi; setae ii of A9 separate. 

 Example Melittia cucurbitae. Fig. 132. 



MiCROLEPIDOPTERA. 



As my series of Microlepidoptera is quite short, it does not 

 seem best to discuss the families separately. 



Setae it of the epicrania are usually rather close to the adfront- 

 als, as in Argyresthia, but often somewhat more distant. They 

 are never as far away as in the Bombycid series. The front is 

 usually much higher than wide, often twice as high, but in 

 Endrosis it is not, and in the Pyralidcc there are \'arious inter- 

 mediate conditions. When the front is high, the adfrontals 

 nearly or quite reach the vertex, but when it is lower the adfront- 

 als may merely border it, as in most Macrolcpidoptera. The 

 frontal setae are often far apart, close to the outer edge, as in 

 Depressaria and Homocosoma, or they may be closer together, 

 but arc never very close, as in the Bombycid series and Zygaenina. 

 In the lower forms the punctures trisect the distance between 

 them, but in the Tortricidae, Pyralidae, Depressaria, Simaethis, 

 etc., they are much closer together, and lower, as in the Noc- 

 tuidae. The adfrontal setae are very close together in Gracilaria, 

 but often are not so. The puncture is apt to be about half way 

 between the setae. The labrum is usually not very deeply notched, 

 its setae i and ii nearly on a level. 



The antennae are normal, but often with a seta on the side 

 of the second joint, as in Yponomeuta and Cacoecia, figured. 

 Y ponomcuta is very aberrant in the proportions of the joints. 

 The maxillae and labium are rather long, with the sclerites tending 



