90 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



S. lubricipeda, — Common everywhere in June. 

 S. menthastri. — Plentiful in June, and generally distributed. 

 S. urticee. — Very local. "I have only taken this species near 

 Oakcliffe Hall in June " (G. Loxham). 



(To be continued.) 



NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



Pupation of Cataclysta lemnata. — The larva noted (ante, p. 5) as 

 alive in November was brought into a warm room, fed up rapidly, and 

 made a case nearly an inch long. When it made its cocoon (about 

 January 25th) it much shortened this, and made it broader, by what 

 engineering expedients I do not know, nor how it made a further 

 important improvement. The larval case was very shabby, being 

 covered with leaves of Lemna, mostly dead and discoloured. The 

 cocoon (15 mm. long and 10 wide) is now covered by bright fresh 

 leaves of the duckweed, so far as regards the portion above water, and, 

 except that it is convex and prominent, it now looks just like the weed 

 growing around it. — T. A. Chapman ; Betula, Keigate, Feb. 4th, 1905. 



The Time of Appearance of Lepidoptera in connection with 

 Season and Latitude. — The question of the time of appearance of 

 Limenitis sibylla, raised by the notes of Messrs. Gurney (Entom. xxxvii. 

 324) and Bentall (ibid, xxxviii. 62), is one of wider interest than may 

 appear from the case of a single species. The whole subject of the 

 time of appearance of species in connection with the two factors of 

 season and latitude requires collating and discussing. I regret that I 

 have no time to do this myself, but I beg to communicate two personal 

 observations as a contribution to the discussion. Some years ago I 

 spent a few weeks at the little village of Framzelle, near Cape Gris 

 Nez. Early in October, when the weather had become cold, and Lepi- 

 doptera had nearly all disappeared, the only butterfly found along the 

 coast was Argynnis lathona, which species was fairly common. On 

 those rare occasions when this butterfly is taken in this country, it is, 

 if I remember the records accurately, always taken some weeks earlier. 

 Again, this last autumn (1904), I was at Ballater, in Scotland. On 

 Sept. 21st, in the course of an evening walk by the banks of the Dee, I 

 saw and captured Chesias spartiata, which was flying in profusion over 

 the broom on a clear, cold, moonlight night. The flight lasted for about 

 twenty minutes. This date struck me as being very early for Scotland. 

 E. Meldola; 6, Brunswick Square, W.C., Feb. 1st, 190*5. 



Gynandrous Specimen of Cyaniris (Lyc^na) argiolus. — During a 

 fortnight's holiday in South Devon I paid a visit to Torquay on Aug. 

 8th, 1904, and was rewarded by the capture of a freshly-emerged 

 gynandrous specimen of Lyccena argiolus. I had just previously taken 

 a fine male Lasiocampa (Bombyx) quercus, one male L. argiolus, and 

 seven specimens of Macroglossa stellatarum, and had seen Colias edusa, 

 when, as we were returning to the harbour from the bathing-cove, my 

 wife called my attention to a holly blue, which settled in the middle of 



